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  • Title: Othello (Modern)
  • Editor: Jessica Slights
  • ISBN: 978-1-55058-466-0

    Copyright Internet Shakespeare Editions. This text may be freely used for educational, non-proift purposes; for all other uses contact the Coordinating Editor.
    Author: William Shakespeare
    Editor: Jessica Slights
    Peer Reviewed

    Othello (Modern)

    11.1
    Enter Roderigo and Iago.
    Roderigo
    Tush, never tell me! I take it much unkindly
    5That thou, Iago, who hast had my purse
    As if the strings were thine, shouldst know of this.
    Iago
    'Sblood, but you'll not hear me! If ever I did dream of such a matter, abhor me.
    Roderigo
    Thou told'st me 10thou didst hold him in thy hate.
    Iago
    Despise me if I do not. Three great ones of the city,
    In personal suit to make me his lieutenant,
    Off-capped to him--and by the faith of man
    15I know my price; I am worth no worse a place--
    But he, as loving his own pride and purposes,
    Evades them with a bombast circumstance
    Horribly stuffed with epithets of war,
    Non-suits my mediators. For "Certes," says he,
    20"I have already chose my officer."
    20.1And what was he?
    Forsooth, a great arithmetician,
    One Michael Cassio, a Florentine--
    A fellow almost damned in a fair wife--
    That never set a squadron in the field,
    25Nor the division of a battle knows
    More than a spinster, unless the bookish theoric
    Wherein the tonguèd consuls can propose
    As masterly as he. Mere prattle without practise
    Is all his soldiership. But he, sir, had th'election;
    30And I--of whom his eyes had seen the proof
    At Rhodes, at Cyprus, and on other grounds,
    Christened and heathen--must be beleed and calmed
    By debitor and creditor. This countercaster,
    He, in good time, must his lieutenant be,
    35And I, God bless the mark, his Moorship's ancient.
    Roderigo
    By heaven, I rather would have been his hangman.
    Why, there's no remedy. 'Tis the curse of service;
    Preferment goes by letter and affection,
    40And not by old gradation, where each second
    Stood heir to th'first. Now sir, be judge yourself
    Whether I in any just term am affined
    To love the Moor.
    Roderigo
    I would not follow him then.
    Oh, sir, content you.
    I follow him to serve my turn upon him.
    We cannot all be masters, nor all masters
    Cannot be truly followed. You shall mark
    Many a duteous and knee-crooking knave
    50That, doting on his own obsequious bondage,
    Wears out his time, much like his master's ass,
    For naught but provender, and when he's old--cashiered.
    Whip me such honest knaves! Others there are
    Who, trimmed in forms and visages of duty,
    55Keep yet their hearts attending on themselves,
    And, throwing but shows of service on their lords,
    Do well thrive by them--and, when they have lined their coats,
    Do themselves homage. 60These fellows have some soul,
    And such a one do I profess myself. For, sir,
    It is as sure as you are Roderigo,
    Were I the Moor, I would not be Iago.
    In following him, I follow but myself.
    65Heaven is my judge, not I for love and duty,
    But seeming so for my peculiar end.
    For when my outward action doth demonstrate
    The native act and figure of my heart
    In complement extern, 'tis not long after
    70But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve
    For daws to peck at. I am not what I am.
    Roderigo
    What a full fortune does the thick-lips owe
    If he can carry't thus!
    Iago
    Call up her father.
    75Rouse him, make after him, poison his delight,
    Proclaim him in the streets. Incense her kinsmen,
    And, though he in a fertile climate dwell,
    Plague him with flies; though that his joy be joy,
    Yet throw such chances of vexation on't
    80As it may lose some color.
    Roderigo
    Here is her father's house. I'll call aloud.
    Do, with like timorous accent and dire yell
    As when, by night and negligence, the fire
    Is spied in populous cities.
    85Roderigo
    What ho! Brabantio, Signor Brabantio, ho!
    Awake! What ho, Brabantio! Thieves, thieves!
    Look to your house, your daughter, and your bags!
    Thieves, thieves!
    [Enter Brabantio above at a window.]
    Brabantio
    What is the reason of this terrible 90summons?
    What is the matter there?
    Roderigo
    Signor, is all your family within?
    Are your doors locked?
    Brabantio
    Why? Wherefore ask you this?
    Zounds, sir, you're robbed! For shame, put on your gown!
    95Your heart is burst; you have lost half your soul.
    Even now, now, very now, an old black ram
    Is tupping your white ewe. Arise, arise!
    Awake the snorting citizens with the bell,
    Or else the devil will make a grandsire of you.
    100Arise, I say!
    Brabantio
    What, have you lost your wits?
    Roderigo
    Most reverend signor, do you know my voice?
    Brabantio
    Not I. What are you?
    Roderigo
    My name is Roderigo.
    105Brabantio
    The worser welcome.
    I have charged thee not to haunt about my doors.
    In honest plainness thou hast heard me say
    My daughter is not for thee. And now in madness,
    Being full of supper and distempering drafts,
    110Upon malicious bravery dost thou come
    To start my quiet.
    Roderigo
    Sir, sir, sir--
    Brabantio
    But thou must needs be sure
    My spirit and my place have in their power
    115To make this bitter to thee.
    Roderigo
    Patience, good sir.
    Brabantio
    What tell'st thou me of robbing? This is Venice;
    My house is not a grange.
    Roderigo
    Most grave Brabantio,
    120In simple and pure soul, I come to you.
    Zounds, sir, you are one of those that will not serve God if the devil bid you. Because we come to do you service and you think we are ruffians, you'll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse, you'll have your 125nephews neigh to you, you'll have coursers for cousins and jennets for germans.
    Brabantio
    What profane wretch art thou?
    I am one, sir, that comes to tell you your daughter and the Moor are making the beast with two backs.
    130Brabantio
    Thou art a villain.
    Iago
    You are a senator.
    Brabantio
    This thou shalt answer. I know thee, Roderigo.
    Roderigo
    Sir, I will answer anything. But I beseech you,
    If't be your pleasure and most wise consent,
    135As partly I find it is, that your fair daughter,
    At this odd-even and dull watch o'th'night,
    Transported with no worse nor better guard
    But with a knave of common hire, a gondolier,
    To the gross clasps of a lascivious Moor--
    140If this be known to you and your allowance,
    We then have done you bold and saucy wrongs.
    But if you know not this, my manners tell me
    We have your wrong rebuke. Do not believe
    That from the sense of all civility
    145I thus would play and trifle with your reverence.
    Your daughter, if you have not given her leave,
    I say again, hath made a gross revolt,
    Tying her duty, beauty, wit, and fortunes
    In an extravagant and wheeling stranger
    150Of here and everywhere. Straight satisfy yourself:
    If she be in her chamber or your house,
    Let loose on me the justice of the state
    For thus deluding you.
    Brabantio
    Strike on the tinder, ho!
    155Give me a taper. Call up all my people.
    This accident is not unlike my dream;
    Belief of it oppresses me already.
    Light, I say, light!
    Exit [Brabantio].
    Iago
    Farewell, for I must leave you.
    160It seems not meet nor wholesome to my place
    To be produced--as, if I stay, I shall--
    Against the Moor. For I do know the state,
    However this may gall him with some check,
    Cannot with safety cast him, for he's embarked
    165With such loud reason to the Cyprus wars,
    Which even now stands in act, that for their souls
    Another of his fathom they have none
    To lead their business. In which regard,
    Though I do hate him as I do hell pains,
    170Yet, for necessity of present life,
    I must show out a flag and sign of love--
    Which is indeed but sign. That you shall surely find him,
    Lead to the Sagittary the raisèd search,
    And there will I be with him. So farewell.
    Exit [Iago].
    175Enter Brabantio in his nightgown, and servants with torches.
    Brabantio
    It is too true an evil. Gone she is,
    And what's to come of my despisèd time
    Is naught but bitterness. Now Roderigo,
    Where didst thou see her?‚--Oh, unhappy girl!--
    180With the Moor sayst thou?--Who would be a father?--
    How didst thou know 'twas she?--Oh, she deceives me
    Past thought!--What said she to you? Get more tapers;
    Raise all my kindred! Are they married think you?
    Roderigo
    Truly, I think they are.
    185Brabantio
    O heaven! How got she out? Oh, treason of the blood!
    Fathers, from hence trust not your daughters' minds
    By what you see them act. Is there not charms
    By which the property of youth and maidhood
    190May be abused? Have you not read, Roderigo,
    Of some such thing?
    Roderigo
    Yes, sir, I have indeed.
    Brabantio
    Call up my brother.--Oh, would you had had her!--
    Some one way, some another.--Do you know
    195Where we may apprehend her and the Moor?
    Roderigo
    I think I can discover him, if you please
    To get good guard and go along with me.
    Brabantio
    Pray you, lead on. At every house I'll call--
    I may command at most. Get weapons, ho,
    200And raise some special officers of night!
    On, good Roderigo; I will deserve your pains.
    Exeunt.
    1.2
    Enter Othello, Iago, [and] attendants, with torches.
    Though in the trade of war I have slain men,
    205Yet do I hold it very stuff o'th'conscience
    To do no contrived murder; I lack iniquity
    Sometime to do me service. Nine or ten times
    I had thought t'have yerked him here under the ribs.
    Othello
    'Tis better as it is.
    210Iago
    Nay, but he prated,
    And spoke such scurvy and provoking terms
    Against your honor
    212.1That with the little godliness I have
    I did full hard forbear him. But I pray you, sir,
    Are you fast married? Be assured of this,
    215That the magnifico is much beloved,
    And hath in his effect a voice potential
    As double as the duke's. He will divorce you,
    Or put upon you what restraint or grievance
    The law, with all his might to enforce it on,
    220Will give him cable.
    Othello
    Let him do his spite;
    My services, which I have done the signory,
    Shall out-tongue his complaints. 'Tis yet to know--
    Which, when I know that boasting is an honor,
    225I shall promulgate--I fetch my life and being
    From men of royal siege; and my demerits
    May speak unbonneted to as proud a fortune
    As this that I have reached. For know, Iago,
    But that I love the gentle Desdemona,
    230I would not my unhousèd free condition
    Put into circumscription and confine
    For the sea's worth. But look, what lights come yond?
    Enter Cassio [and officers] with torches.
    Those are the raisèd father and his friends;
    235You were best go in.
    Othello
    Not I. I must be found.
    My parts, my title, and my perfect soul
    Shall manifest me rightly. Is it they?
    By Janus, I think no.
    240Othello
    The servants of the duke? And my lieutenant?
    The goodness of the night upon you, friends.
    What is the news?
    Cassio
    The duke does greet you, general,
    245And he requires your haste-post-haste appearance,
    Even on the instant.
    Othello
    What is the matter, think you?
    Cassio
    Something from Cyprus, as I may divine.
    It is a business of some heat. The galleys
    250Have sent a dozen sequent messengers
    This very night at one another's heels,
    And many of the consuls, raised and met,
    Are at the duke's already. You have been hotly called for,
    When, being not at your lodging to be found,
    255The Senate hath sent about three several quests
    To search you out.
    Othello
    'Tis well I am found by you.
    I will but spend a word here in the house
    And go with you.
    [Exit Othello.]
    260Cassio
    Ancient, what makes he here?
    Faith, he tonight hath boarded a land carrack.
    If it prove lawful prize, he's made forever.
    Cassio
    I do not understand.
    Iago
    He's married.
    265Cassio
    To who?
    Marry to--
    [Enter Othello.]
    Come captain, will you go?
    Othello
    Have with you.
    Cassio
    Here comes another troop to seek for you.
    Enter Brabantio, Roderigo, [and] officers [with] torches [and weapons].
    It is Brabantio. General, be advised;
    He comes to bad intent.
    Othello
    Holla, stand there.
    Roderigo
    Signor, it is the Moor.
    Brabantio
    Down with him, thief.
    [Both sides draw their swords.]
    You, Roderigo? Come, sir, I am for you.
    Othello
    Keep up your bright swords, for the dew will rust them. Good signor, you shall more command with years than with your weapons.
    Brabantio
    O thou foul thief, 280where hast thou stowed my daughter?
    Damned as thou art, thou hast enchanted her;
    For I'll refer me to all things of sense
    If she in chains of magic were not bound,
    Whether a maid so tender, fair, and happy,
    285So opposite to marriage that she shunned
    The wealthy curled darlings of our nation,
    Would ever have, t'incur a general mock,
    Run from her guardage to the sooty bosom
    Of such a thing as thou--to fear, not to delight.
    290Judge me the world, if 'tis not gross in sense
    That thou hast practiced on her with foul charms,
    Abused her delicate youth with drugs or minerals
    That weaken motion. I'll have't disputed on--
    'Tis probable and palpable to thinking.
    295I therefore apprehend and do attach thee
    For an abuser of the world, a practiser
    Of arts inhibited and out of warrant.
    Lay hold upon him; if he do resist,
    Subdue him at his peril.
    300Othello
    Hold your hands,
    Both you of my inclining and the rest.
    Were it my cue to fight, I should have known it
    Without a prompter. Whither will you that I go
    To answer this your charge?
    305Brabantio
    To prison, till fit time
    Of law and course of direct session
    Call thee to answer.
    Othello
    What if I do obey?
    How may the duke be therewith satisfied,
    310Whose messengers are here about my side
    Upon some present business of the state
    To bring me to him?
    Officer
    'Tis true, most worthy signor.
    The duke's in council, and your noble self
    315I am sure is sent for.
    Brabantio
    How? The duke in council?
    In this time of the night? Bring him away!
    Mine's not an idle cause. The duke himself,
    Or any of my brothers of the state,
    320Cannot but feel this wrong as 'twere their own;
    For if such actions may have passage free,
    Bondslaves and pagans shall our statesmen be.
    Exeunt.
    1.3
    Enter Duke [and] Senators [at a table, with lights] and officers.
    There is no composition in this news
    That gives them credit.
    1 Senator
    Indeed, they are disproportioned;
    My letters say a hundred and seven galleys.
    And mine a hundred forty.
    3302. Senator
    And mine two hundred.
    But though they jump not on a just account--
    As in these cases where the aim reports
    'Tis oft with difference--yet do they all confirm
    A Turkish fleet, and bearing up to Cyprus.
    Nay, it is possible enough to judgment;
    I do not so secure me in the error,
    But the main article I do approve
    In fearful sense.
    Sailor
    (Within) What ho, what ho, what ho!
    340Enter Sailor.
    Officer
    A messenger from the galleys.
    Now, what's the business?
    Sailor
    The Turkish preparation makes for Rhodes,
    So was I bid report here to the state
    345By Signor Angelo.
    How say you by this change?
    1 Senator
    This cannot be,
    By no assay of reason. 'Tis a pageant
    To keep us in false gaze. When we consider
    350Th'importancy of Cyprus to the Turk,
    And let ourselves again but understand
    That as it more concerns the Turk than Rhodes,
    So may he with more facile question bear it,
    For that it stands not in such warlike brace,
    355But altogether lacks th'abilities
    That Rhodes is dressed in. If we make thought of this,
    We must not think the Turk is so unskillful
    To leave that latest which concerns him first,
    Neglecting an attempt of ease and gain
    360To wake and wage a danger profitless.
    Nay, in all confidence he's not for Rhodes.
    Officer
    Here is more news.
    Enter a Messenger.
    Messenger
    The Ottomites, reverend and gracious,
    365Steering with due course toward the isle of Rhodes,
    Have there injointed them with an after fleet.
    1 Senator
    Ay, so I thought. How many, as you guess?
    Messenger
    Of thirty sail; and now they do restem
    Their backward course, bearing with frank appearance
    370Their purposes toward Cyprus. Signor Montano,
    Your trusty and most valiant servitor,
    With his free duty, recommends you thus
    And prays you to believe him.
    'Tis certain then for Cyprus.
    375Marcus Luccicos--is not he in town?
    1 Senator
    He's now in Florence.
    Write from us to him; post-post-haste, dispatch.
    1 Senator
    Here comes Brabantio and the valiant Moor.
    380Enter Brabantio, Othello, Cassio, Iago, Roderigo, and officers.
    Valiant Othello, we must straight employ you
    Against the general enemy Ottoman.
    [To Brabantio] I did not see you. Welcome, gentle signor.
    385We lacked your counsel and your help tonight.
    Brabantio
    So did I yours. Good your grace, pardon me.
    Neither my place nor aught I heard of business
    Hath raised me from my bed; nor doth the general care
    Take hold on me, for my particular grief
    390Is of so floodgate and o'erbearing nature
    That it engluts and swallows other sorrows
    And it is still itself.
    Duke
    Why? What's the matter?
    Brabantio
    My daughter! Oh, my daughter!
    3951 Senator
    Dead?
    Brabantio
    Ay, to me.
    She is abused, stolen from me, and corrupted
    By spells and medicines bought of mountebanks;
    For nature so preposterously to err--
    400Being not deficient, blind, or lame of sense--
    Sans witchcraft could not.
    Whoe'er he be that in this foul proceeding
    Hath thus beguiled your daughter of herself,
    And you of her, the bloody book of law
    405You shall yourself read in the bitter letter
    After your own sense, yea, though our proper son
    Stood in your action.
    Brabantio
    Humbly I thank your grace.
    Here is the man--this Moor, whom now it seems
    410Your special mandate for the state affairs
    Hath hither brought.
    All
    We are very sorry for't.
    [to Othello] What, in your own part, can you say to this?
    Brabantio
    Nothing but "This is so."
    415Othello
    Most potent, grave, and reverend signors,
    My very noble and approved good masters,
    That I have ta'en away this old man's daughter,
    It is most true; true, I have married her.
    The very head and front of my offending
    420Hath this extent, no more. Rude am I in my speech,
    And little blessed with the soft phrase of peace--
    For since these arms of mine had seven year's pith,
    Till now some nine moons wasted, they have used
    Their dearest action in the tented field--
    425And little of this great world can I speak
    More than pertains to feats of broils and battle,
    And therefore little shall I grace my cause
    In speaking for myself. Yet, by your gracious patience,
    I will a round, unvarnished tale deliver
    430Of my whole course of love--what drugs, what charms,
    What conjuration, and what mighty magic--
    For such proceeding I am charged withal--
    I won his daughter.
    435Brabantio
    A maiden never bold,
    Of spirit so still and quiet that her motion
    Blushed at herself, and she--in spite of nature,
    Of years, of country, credit, everything--
    To fall in love with what she feared to look on?
    440It is a judgment maimed and most imperfect
    That will confess perfection so could err
    Against all rules of nature, and must be driven
    To find out practises of cunning hell
    Why this should be. I therefore vouch again
    445That with some mixtures powerful o'er the blood,
    Or with some dram conjured to this effect,
    He wrought upon her.
    Duke
    To vouch this is no proof
    Without more wider and more overt test
    450Than these thin habits and poor likelihoods
    Of modern seeming do prefer against him.
    1 Senator
    But, Othello, speak:
    Did you by indirect and forcèd courses
    Subdue and poison this young maid's affections?
    455Or came it by request and such fair question
    As soul to soul affordeth?
    Othello
    I do beseech you,
    Send for the lady to the Sagittary
    And let her speak of me before her father;
    460If you do find me foul in her report,
    The trust, the office I do hold of you
    Not only take away, but let your sentence
    Even fall upon my life.
    Duke
    Fetch Desdemona hither.
    [Exeunt two or three officers.]
    465Othello
    Ancient, conduct them; you best know the place.
    [Exit Iago.]
    And till she come, as truly as to heaven
    I do confess the vices of my blood,
    So justly to your grave ears I'll present
    470How I did thrive in this fair lady's love,
    And she in mine.
    Duke
    Say it, Othello.
    Othello
    Her father loved me, oft invited me,
    Still questioned me the story of my life
    475From year to year--the battle, sieges, fortune
    That I have passed.
    I ran it through, even from my boyish days
    To th'very moment that he bade me tell it,
    Wherein I spoke of most disastrous chances,
    480Of moving accidents by flood and field,
    Of hairbreadth scapes i'th'imminent deadly breach;
    Of being taken by the insolent foe
    And sold to slavery, of my redemption thence
    And portance in my traveler's history,
    485Wherein of antars vast and deserts idle,
    Rough quarries, rocks, hills whose heads touch heaven,
    It was my hint to speak--such was my process--
    And of the cannibals that each other eat,
    The anthropophagi, and men whose heads
    490Do grow beneath their shoulders. These things to hear
    Would Desdemona seriously incline,
    But still the house affairs would draw her thence,
    Which ever as she could with haste dispatch,
    She'd come again and with a greedy ear
    495Devour up my discourse; which I, observing,
    Took once a pliant hour and found good means
    To draw from her a prayer of earnest heart
    That I would all my pilgrimage dilate,
    Whereof by parcels she had something heard,
    500But not intentively. I did consent,
    And often did beguile her of her tears
    When I did speak of some distressful stroke
    That my youth suffered. My story being done,
    She gave me for my pains a world of kisses;
    505She swore in faith 'twas strange, 'twas passing strange;
    'Twas pitiful, 'twas wondrous pitiful.
    She wished she had not heard it, yet she wished
    That heaven had made her such a man. She thanked me,
    And bade me, if I had a friend that loved her,
    510I should but teach him how to tell my story
    And that would woo her. Upon this hint I spake.
    She loved me for the dangers I had passed,
    And I loved her that she did pity them.
    This only is the witchcraft I have used.
    515Here comes the lady; let her witness it.
    Enter Desdemona, Iago, [and] attendants.
    I think this tale would win my daughter too.
    Good Brabantio, take up this mangled matter at the best.
    Men do their broken weapons rather use
    520Than their bare hands.
    Brabantio
    I pray you hear her speak.
    If she confess that she was half the wooer,
    Destruction on my head if my bad blame
    Light on the man. Come hither, gentle mistress.
    525Do you perceive in all this noble company
    Where most you owe obedience?
    Desdemona
    My noble father,
    I do perceive here a divided duty.
    To you I am bound for life and education;
    530My life and education both do learn me
    How to respect you. You are the lord of duty;
    I am hitherto your daughter. But here's my husband,
    And so much duty as my mother showed
    To you, preferring you before her father,
    535So much I challenge that I may profess
    Due to the Moor my lord.
    Brabantio
    God be with you! I have done.
    Please it your grace, on to the state affairs.
    I had rather to adopt a child than get it.
    540Come hither, Moor.
    [To Othello] I here do give thee that with all my heart
    Which, but thou hast already, with all my heart
    I would keep from thee. [To Desdemona] For your sake, jewel,
    I am glad at soul I have no other child,
    545For thy escape would teach me tyranny
    To hang clogs on them. [To the Duke] I have done, my lord.
    Let me speak like yourself and lay a sentence,
    Which as a grise or step may help these lovers
    549.1Into your favor.
    550When remedies are past, the griefs are ended
    By seeing the worst, which late on hopes depended.
    To mourn a mischief that is past and gone
    Is the next way to draw new mischief on.
    What cannot be preserved when fortune takes,
    555Patience her injury a mockery makes.
    The robbed that smiles steals something from the thief;
    He robs himself that spends a bootless grief.
    Brabantio
    So let the Turk of Cyprus us beguile;
    We lose it not so long as we can smile.
    560He bears the sentence well that nothing bears,
    But the free comfort which from thence he hears;
    But he bears both the sentence and the sorrow
    That, to pay grief, must of poor patience borrow.
    These sentences to sugar or to gall,
    565Being strong on both sides, are equivocal.
    But words are words; I never yet did hear
    That the bruised heart was piercèd through the ears.
    I humbly beseech you proceed to th'affairs of state.
    The Turk with a most mighty preparation 570makes for Cyprus. Othello, the fortitude of the place is best known to you, and though we have there a substitute of most allowed sufficiency, yet opinion, a more sovereign mistress of effects, throws a more safer voice on you. You must therefore be content to slubber 575the gloss of your new fortunes with this more stubborn and boisterous expedition.
    Othello
    The tyrant custom, most grave senators,
    Hath made the flinty and steel couch of war
    My thrice-driven bed of down. I do agnize
    580A natural and prompt alacrity
    I find in hardness, and do undertake
    This present war against the Ottomites.
    Most humbly therefore bending to your state,
    I crave fit disposition for my wife,
    585Due reference of place and exhibition,
    With such accommodation and besort
    As levels with her breeding.
    Why, at her father's.
    Brabantio
    I will not have it so.
    590Othello
    Nor I.
    Desdemona
    Nor would I there reside
    To put my father in impatient thoughts
    By being in his eye. Most gracious duke,
    To my unfolding lend your prosperous ear,
    595And let me find a charter in your voice
    T'assist my simpleness.
    Duke
    What would you, Desdemona?
    Desdemona
    That I did love the Moor to live with him,
    My downright violence and storm of fortunes
    600May trumpet to the world. My heart's subdued
    Even to the very quality of my lord;
    I saw Othello's visage in his mind,
    And to his honors and his valiant parts
    Did I my soul and fortunes consecrate.
    605So that, dear lords, if I be left behind,
    A moth of peace, and he go to the war,
    The rites for why I love him are bereft me,
    And I a heavy interim shall support
    By his dear absence. Let me go with him.
    610Othello
    Let her have your voice.
    Vouch with me, heaven; I therefore beg it not
    To please the palate of my appetite,
    Nor to comply with heat the young affects
    In my defunct and proper satisfaction,
    615But to be free and bounteous to her mind;
    And heaven defend your good souls that you think
    I will your serious and great business scant
    When she is with me. No, when light-winged toys
    Of feathered Cupid seel with wanton dullness
    620My speculative and officed instruments
    That my disports corrupt and taint my business,
    Let housewives make a skillet of my helm
    And all indign and base adversities
    Make head against my estimation.
    Be it as you shall privately determine,
    Either for her stay or going. Th'affair cries haste,
    And speed must answer it.
    1 Senator
    You must away tonight.
    628.1Desdemona
    Tonight, my lord?
    Duke
    This night.
    Othello
    With all my heart.
    At nine i'th'morning here we'll meet again.
    Othello, leave some officer behind
    And he shall our commission bring to you,
    And such things else of quality and respect
    As doth import you.
    635Othello
    So please your grace, my ancient--
    A man he is of honesty and trust--
    To his conveyance I assign my wife,
    With what else needful your good grace shall think
    To be sent after me.
    640Duke
    Let it be so.
    Goodnight to everyone--and, noble signor,
    If virtue no delighted beauty lack,
    Your son-in-law is far more fair than black.
    1 Senator
    Adieu, brave Moor, use Desdemona well.
    645Brabantio
    Look to her, Moor, if thou hast eyes to see;
    She has deceived her father, and may thee.
    Exeunt [Duke, Senators, Brabantio, Cassio, Sailor, Messenger, officers, and attendants].
    Othello
    My life upon her faith! Honest Iago,
    My Desdemona must I leave to thee.
    I prithee let thy wife attend on her,
    650And bring them after in the best advantage.
    Come Desdemona, I have but an hour
    Of love, of worldly matter and direction
    To spend with thee. We must obey the time.
    Exeunt [Othello and Desdemona].
    Roderigo
    Iago.
    What sayst thou, noble heart?
    Roderigo
    What will I do, think'st thou?
    Why, go to bed and sleep.
    Roderigo
    I will incontinently drown myself.
    If thou dost, I shall never love thee after. Why, 660thou silly gentleman?
    Roderigo
    It is silliness to live when to live is torment; and then have we a prescription to die, when death is our physician.
    Oh, villainous! I have looked upon the world 665for four times seven years, and, since I could distinguish betwixt a benefit and an injury, I never found man that knew how to love himself. Ere I would say I would drown myself for the love of a guinea-hen, I would change my humanity with a baboon.
    670Roderigo
    What should I do? I confess it is my shame to be so fond, but it is not in my virtue to amend it.
    Virtue? A fig! 'Tis in ourselves that we are thus or thus. Our bodies are our gardens to the which our wills are gardeners, so that if we will plant 675nettles or sow lettuce, set hyssop and weed up thyme, supply it with one gender of herbs or distract it with many, either to have it sterile with idleness or manured with industry--why, the power and corrigible authority of this lies in our wills. If the beam of our lives 680had not one scale of reason to poise another of sensuality, the blood and baseness of our natures would conduct us to most preposterous conclusions. But we have reason to cool our raging motions, our carnal stings, our unbitted lusts--whereof I take this that you 685call love to be a sect or scion.
    Roderigo
    It cannot be.
    It is merely a lust of the blood and a permission of the will. Come, be a man! Drown thyself? Drown cats and blind puppies. I have professed me thy friend, 690and I confess me knit to thy deserving with cables of perdurable toughness. I could never better stead thee than now. Put money in thy purse. Follow thou the wars; defeat thy favor with an usurped beard. I say, put money in thy purse. It cannot be long that Desdemona 695should continue her love to the Moor--put money in thy purse--nor he his to her. It was a violent commencement in her, and thou shalt see an answerable sequestration--put but money in thy purse. These Moors are changeable in their wills--fill thy purse with money. 700The food that to him now is as luscious as locusts shall be to him shortly as acerb as coloquintida. She must change for youth; when she is sated with his body, she will find the errors of her choice. Therefore, put money in thy purse. If thou wilt needs damn thyself, do 705it a more delicate way than drowning. Make all the money thou canst. If sanctimony and a frail vow betwixt an erring barbarian and a super-subtle Venetian be not too hard for my wits and all the tribe of hell, thou shalt enjoy her. Therefore make money. A pox of 710drowning thyself. It is clean out of the way. Seek thou rather to be hanged in compassing thy joy than to be drowned and go without her.
    Roderigo
    Wilt thou be fast to my hopes, if I depend on the issue?
    Thou art sure of me--go, make money--I have told thee often, and I retell thee again and again: I hate the Moor. My cause is hearted; thine hath no less reason. Let us be conjunctive in our revenge against him. If thou canst cuckold him, thou dost thyself a 720pleasure, me a sport. There are many events in the womb of time which will be delivered. Traverse, go, provide thy money. We will have more of this tomorrow. Adieu.
    Roderigo
    Where shall we meet i'th'morning?
    At my lodging.
    Roderigo
    I'll be with thee betimes.
    Go to, farewell. Do you hear, Roderigo?
    727.1Roderigo
    What say you?
    No more of drowning, do you hear?
    Roderigo
    I am changed.
    Go to, farewell. Put money enough in your purse.
    Roderigo
    I'll sell all my land.
    Exit [Roderigo].
    Thus do I ever make my fool my purse;
    730For I mine own gained knowledge should profane
    If I would time expend with such a snipe
    But for my sport and profit. I hate the Moor,
    And it is thought abroad that 'twixt my sheets
    He's done my office. I know not if't be true,
    735But I, for mere suspicion in that kind,
    Will do as if for surety. He holds me well;
    The better shall my purpose work on him.
    Cassio's a proper man--let me see now:
    To get his place and to plume up my will
    740In double knavery--How? How? Let's see:
    After some time to abuse Othello's ears
    That he is too familiar with his wife.
    He hath a person and a smooth dispose
    To be suspected, framed to make women false.
    745The Moor is of a free and open nature
    That thinks men honest that but seem to be so,
    And will as tenderly be led by'th'nose as asses are.
    I have't. It is engendered. Hell and night
    750Must bring this monstrous birth to the world's light.
    Exit [Iago].
    2.1
    Enter Montano, [Governor of Cyprus, with] two [other] Gentlemen.
    Montano
    What from the cape can you discern at sea?
    1 Gentleman
    Nothing at all; it is a high-wrought flood.
    755I cannot 'twixt the heaven and the main
    Descry a sail.
    Montano
    Methinks the wind hath spoke aloud at land.
    A fuller blast ne'er shook our battlements;
    If it hath ruffianed so upon the sea,
    760What ribs of oak, when mountains melt on them,
    Can hold the mortise? What shall we hear of this?
    2 Gentleman
    A segregation of the Turkish fleet--
    For do but stand upon the foaming shore,
    The chiding billow seems to pelt the clouds,
    765The wind-shaked surge with high and monstrous mane
    Seems to cast water on the burning Bear
    And quench the guards of th'ever-fixèd Pole.
    I never did like molestation view
    On the enchafèd flood.
    770Montano
    If that the Turkish fleet
    Be not ensheltered and embayed, they are drowned;
    It is impossible to bear it out.
    Enter a [third] Gentleman.
    3 Gentleman
    News, lads! Our wars are done.
    775The desperate tempest hath so banged the Turks
    That their designment halts. A noble ship of Venice
    Hath seen a grievous wreck and sufferance
    On most part of their fleet.
    Montano
    How? Is this true?
    7803 Gentleman
    The ship is here put in, a Veronnesa. Michael Cassio,
    Lieutenant to the warlike Moor, Othello,
    Is come on shore; the Moor himself at sea,
    And is in full commission here for Cyprus.
    Montano
    I am glad on't; 785'tis a worthy governor.
    3 Gentleman
    But this same Cassio, though he speak of comfort
    Touching the Turkish loss, yet he looks sadly
    And prays the Moor be safe, for they were parted
    With foul and violent tempest.
    790Montano
    Pray heavens he be,
    For I have served him, and the man commands
    Like a full soldier. Let's to the seaside, ho!
    As well to see the vessel that's come in
    As to throw out our eyes for brave Othello,
    795Even till we make the main and th'aerial blue
    An indistinct regard.
    3 Gentleman
    Come, let's do so;
    For every minute is expectancy
    Of more arrivancy.
    800Enter Cassio.
    Cassio
    Thanks, you the valiant of this warlike isle
    That so approve the Moor. Oh, let the heavens
    Give him defense against the elements,
    For I have lost him on a dangerous sea.
    805Montano
    Is he well shipped?
    Cassio
    His bark is stoutly timbered, and his pilot
    Of very expert and approved allowance;
    Therefore my hopes, not surfeited to death,
    Stand in bold cure.
    810(Voices within) A sail! a sail! a sail!
    Cassio
    What noise?
    1 Gentleman
    The town is empty; on the brow o'th'sea
    Stand ranks of people, and they cry "A sail!"
    Cassio
    My hopes do shape him for the governor.
    [A shot]
    8152 Gentleman
    They do discharge their shot of courtesy;
    Our friends at least.
    Cassio
    I pray you sir, go forth
    And give us truth who 'tis that is arrived.
    2 Gentleman
    I shall.
    Exit [2 Gentleman].
    820Montano
    But good lieutenant, is your general wived?
    Cassio
    Most fortunately; he hath achieved a maid
    That paragons description and wild fame,
    One that excels the quirks of blazoning pens
    And in th'essential vesture of creation
    825Does tire the ingener.
    Enter [2] Gentleman.
    How now? Who has put in?
    2 Gentleman
    'Tis one Iago, ancient to the general.
    Cassio
    He's had most favorable and happy speed.
    830Tempests themselves, high seas and howling winds,
    The guttered rocks and congregated sands,
    Traitors ensteeped to enclog the guiltless keel,
    As having sense of beauty, do omit
    Their mortal natures, letting go safely by
    835The divine Desdemona.
    Montano
    What is she?
    Cassio
    She that I spake of, our great captain's captain,
    Left in the conduct of the bold Iago,
    840Whose footing here anticipates our thoughts
    A sennight's speed. Great Jove, Othello guard,
    And swell his sail with thine own powerful breath
    That he may bless this bay with his tall ship,
    Make love's quick pants in Desdemona's arms,
    845Give renewed fire to our extincted spirits
    And bring all Cyprus comfort--
    Enter Desdemona, Iago, Roderigo, and Emilia.
    Oh, behold,
    The riches of the ship is come on shore!
    You men of Cyprus, let her have your knees.
    850Hail to thee, lady, and the grace of heaven,
    Before, behind thee, and on every hand
    Enwheel thee round.
    Desdemona
    I thank you, valiant Cassio.
    What tidings can you tell me of my lord?
    855Cassio
    He is not yet arrived, nor know I aught
    But that he's well and will be shortly here.
    Desdemona
    Oh, but I fear--how lost you company?
    Cassio
    The great contention of the sea and skies
    860Parted our fellowship.
    (Voices within) A sail! a sail!
    Cassio
    But hark, a sail.
    [A shot]
    2 Gentleman
    They give this greeting to the citadel;
    This likewise is a friend.
    Cassio
    See for the news.
    865Good ancient, you are welcome. Welcome, mistress.
    [He kisses Emilia.]
    Let it not gall your patience, good Iago,
    That I extend my manners. 'Tis my breeding
    That gives me this bold show of courtesy.
    Sir, would she give you so much of her lips
    870As of her tongue she oft bestows on me,
    You'd have enough.
    Desdemona
    Alas, she has no speech!
    In faith, too much;
    I find it still when I have leave to sleep.
    875Marry, before your ladyship, I grant,
    She puts her tongue a little in her heart
    And chides with thinking.
    Emilia
    You have little cause to say so.
    Come on, come on! You are pictures out of 880doors, bells in your parlors, wildcats in your kitchens, saints in your injuries, devils being offended, players in your housewifery, and housewives in your beds.
    Desdemona
    Oh, fie upon thee, slanderer!
    Nay, it is true, or else I am a Turk.
    You rise to play and go to bed to work.
    Emilia
    You shall not write my praise.
    Iago
    No, let me not.
    Desdemona
    What wouldst write of me, if thou shouldst 890praise me?
    Oh, gentle lady, do not put me to't,
    For I am nothing if not critical.
    Desdemona
    Come on, assay--there's one gone to the harbor?
    Ay, madam.
    Desdemona
    I am not merry, but I do beguile
    The thing I am by seeming otherwise.
    Come, how wouldst thou praise me?
    I am about it, but indeed my invention comes 900from my pate as birdlime does from frieze; it plucks out brains and all. But my muse labors, and thus she is delivered:
    If she be fair and wise, fairness and wit;
    The one's for use, the other useth it.
    905Desdemona
    Well praised! How if she be black and witty?
    If she be black and thereto have a wit,
    She'll find a white that shall her blackness hit.
    Desdemona
    Worse and worse.
    910Emilia
    How if fair and foolish?
    She never yet was foolish that was fair,
    For even her folly helped her to an heir.
    Desdemona
    These are old fond paradoxes to make fools laugh i'th'alehouse. What miserable praise hast thou 915for her that's foul and foolish?
    There's none so foul and foolish thereunto,
    But does foul pranks which fair and wise ones do.
    Desdemona
    O heavy ignorance! Thou praisest the worst best. But what praise couldst thou bestow on a 920deserving woman indeed? One that in the authority of her merit did justly put on the vouch of very malice itself.
    She that was ever fair and never proud,
    Had tongue at will, and yet was never loud,
    925Never lacked gold, and yet went never gay,
    Fled from her wish, and yet said "now I may."
    She that being angered, her revenge being nigh,
    Bade her wrong stay and her displeasure fly.
    She that in wisdom never was so frail
    930To change the cod's head for the salmon's tail.
    She that could think, and ne'er disclose her mind,
    See suitors following, and not look behind.
    She was a wight, if ever such wights were--
    Desdemona
    To do what?
    To suckle fools and chronicle small beer.
    Desdemona
    O most lame and impotent conclusion! Do not learn of him Emilia, though he be thy husband. How say you, Cassio, is he not a most profane and liberal counselor?
    940Cassio
    He speaks home, madam. You may relish him more in the soldier than in the scholar.
    [Cassio takes Desdemona by the hand.]
    [Aside] He takes her by the palm. Ay, well said, whisper! With as little a web as this will I ensnare as great a fly as Cassio. Ay, smile upon her, do! I will gyve thee 945in thine own courtship. You say true; 'tis so indeed. If such tricks as these strip you out of your lieutenantry, it had been better you had not kissed your three fingers so oft, which now again you are most apt to play the sir in. Very good! Well kissed and excellent courtesy!950 'Tis so indeed. Yet again, your fingers to your lips? Would they were clysterpipes for your sake.
    [Trumpet within.]
    [Aloud] The Moor. I know his trumpet.
    Cassio
    'Tis truly so.
    955Desdemona
    Let's meet him and receive him.
    Cassio
    Lo, where he comes.
    Enter Othello and attendants.
    Othello
    O my fair warrior!
    Desdemona
    My dear Othello.
    960Othello
    It gives me wonder great as my content
    To see you here before me. O my soul's joy!
    If after every tempest come such calms,
    May the winds blow till they have wakened death,
    965And let the laboring bark climb hills of seas
    Olympus-high and duck again as low
    As hell's from heaven. If it were now to die,
    'Twere now to be most happy, for I fear
    My soul hath her content so absolute
    970That not another comfort like to this
    Succeeds in unknown fate.
    Desdemona
    The heavens forbid
    But that our loves and comforts should increase
    975Even as our days do grow.
    Othello
    Amen to that, sweet powers.
    I cannot speak enough of this content;
    It stops me here; it is too much of joy.
    And this, and this--
    [They kiss.]
    --the greatest discords be
    980That ere our hearts shall make.
    [Aside] Oh, you are well tuned now! But I'll set down the pegs that make this music, as honest as I am.
    Othello
    Come, let us to the castle.
    News, friends: our wars are done; 985the Turks are drowned.
    How does my old acquaintance of this isle?
    Honey, you shall be well desired in Cyprus;
    I have found great love amongst them. O my sweet,
    I prattle out of fashion and I dote
    990In mine own comforts. I prithee, good Iago,
    Go to the bay and disembark my coffers.
    Bring thou the master to the citadel;
    He is a good one, and his worthiness
    Does challenge much respect. Come, Desdemona,
    995Once more well met at Cyprus.
    Exeunt [all but Iago and Roderigo].
    Do thou meet me presently at the harbor. Come thither, if thou be'st valiant--as they say base men being in love have then a nobility in their natures 1000more than is native to them--list me: the lieutenant tonight watches on the court of guard. First, I must tell thee this: Desdemona is directly in love with him.
    Roderigo
    With him? Why, 'tis not possible.
    Lay thy finger thus, and let thy soul be 1005instructed. Mark me with what violence she first loved the Moor, but for bragging and telling her fantastical lies. To love him still for prating? Let not thy discreet heart think it. Her eye must be fed. And what delight shall she have to look on the devil? When the blood 1010is made dull with the act of sport, there should be a game to enflame it, and, to give satiety a fresh appetite, loveliness in favor, sympathy in years, manners, and beauties--all which the Moor is defective in. Now, for want of these required conveniences her delicate 1015tenderness will find itself abused, begin to heave the gorge, disrelish and abhor the Moor. Very nature will instruct her in it and compel her to some second choice. Now sir, this granted (as it is a most pregnant and unforced position) who stands so eminent in the degree of 1020this fortune as Cassio does--a knave very voluble, no further conscionable than in putting on the mere form of civil and humane seeming for the better compass of his salt and most hidden loose affection? Why none, why none! A slipper and subtle knave, a finder of 1025occasion that has an eye can stamp and counterfeit advantages though true advantage never present itself. A devilish knave! Besides, the knave is handsome, young, and hath all those requisites in him that folly and green minds look after--a pestilent complete knave, and the 1030woman hath found him already.
    Roderigo
    I cannot believe that in her; she's full of most blessed condition.
    Blessed fig's-end! The wine she drinks is made of grapes. If she had been blessed, she would 1035never have loved the Moor. Blessed pudding! Didst thou not see her paddle with the palm of his hand? Didst not mark that?
    Roderigo
    Yes, that I did; but that was but courtesy.
    Lechery, by this hand--an index and obscure 1040prologue to the history of lust and foul thoughts. They met so near with their lips that their breaths embraced together. Villainous thoughts, Roderigo, when these mutualities so marshal the way, hard at hand comes the master and main exercise, th'incorporate 1045conclusion--pish! But sir, be you ruled by me. I have brought you from Venice. Watch you tonight; for the command, I'll lay't upon you. Cassio knows you not; I'll not be far from you. Do you find some occasion to anger Cassio, either by speaking too loud, or 1050tainting his discipline, or from what other course you please which the time shall more favorably minister.
    Roderigo
    Well.
    Sir, he's rash and very sudden in choler, and 1055haply may strike at you. Provoke him that he may, for even out of that will I cause these of Cyprus to mutiny, whose qualification shall come into no true taste again but by the displanting of Cassio. So shall you have a shorter journey to your desires by the means I 1060shall then have to prefer them, and the impediment most profitably removed without the which there were no expectation of our prosperity.
    Roderigo
    I will do this, if you can bring it to any opportunity.
    I warrant thee. Meet me by and by at the citadel. I must fetch his necessaries ashore. Farewell.
    Roderigo
    Adieu.
    Exit [Roderigo].
    That Cassio loves her, I do well believ't;
    1070That she loves him, 'tis apt and of great credit.
    The Moor, howbeit that I endure him not,
    Is of a constant, loving, noble nature,
    And I dare think he'll prove to Desdemona
    A most dear husband. Now I do love her too,
    1075Not out of absolute lust (though peradventure
    I stand accountant for as great a sin),
    But partly led to diet my revenge,
    For that I do suspect the lusty Moor
    Hath leaped into my seat--the thought whereof
    1080Doth like a poisonous mineral gnaw my inwards,
    And nothing can or shall content my soul
    Till I am evened with him, wife for wife;
    Or failing so, yet that I put the Moor
    At least into a jealousy so strong
    1085That judgment cannot cure; which thing to do,
    If this poor trash of Venice, whom I trace
    For his quick hunting, stand the putting on,
    I'll have our Michael Cassio on the hip,
    Abuse him to the Moor in the right garb
    1090(For I fear Cassio with my nightcap too),
    Make the Moor thank me, love me, and reward me
    for making him egregiously an ass
    And practicing upon his peace and quiet
    Even to madness. 'Tis here, but yet confused;
    1095Knavery's plain face is never seen till used.
    Exit [Iago].
    2.2
    Enter Othello's Herald with a proclamation.
    Herald
    [Reading]
    It is Othello's pleasure, our noble and valiant general, that upon certain tidings now arrived 1100importing the mere perdition of the Turkish fleet, every man put himself into triumph: some to dance, some to make bonfires, each man to what sport and revels his addition leads him. For besides these beneficial news, it is the celebration of his nuptial. So 1105much was his pleasure should be proclaimed. All offices are open and there is full liberty of feasting from this present hour of five till the bell have tolled eleven. Heaven bless the isle of Cyprus and our noble general Othello.
    Exit [Herald].
    1110[2.3]
    Enter Othello, Desdemona, Cassio, and attendants.
    Othello
    Good Michael, look you to the guard tonight.
    Let's teach ourselves that honorable stop
    Not to outsport discretion.
    Cassio
    Iago hath direction what to do;
    1115But notwithstanding, with my personal eye
    Will I look to't.
    Othello
    Iago is most honest.
    Michael, goodnight. Tomorrow with your earliest
    Let me have speech with you. [To Desdemona] Come, my dear love,
    1120The purchase made, the fruits are to ensue;
    That profit's yet to come 'tween me and you.
    Goodnight.
    [Exeunt all but Cassio.]
    Enter Iago.
    Cassio
    Welcome, Iago. We must to the watch.
    Not this hour, lieutenant; 'tis not yet ten o'th'clock. Our general cast us thus early for the love of his Desdemona, who let us not therefore blame; he hath not yet made wanton the night with her, and she is sport for Jove.
    1130Cassio
    She's a most exquisite lady.
    And I'll warrant her full of game.
    Cassio
    Indeed she's a most fresh and delicate creature.
    What an eye she has! Methinks it sounds a parley to provocation.
    1135Cassio
    An inviting eye--and yet methinks right modest.
    And when she speaks, is it not an alarum to love?
    Cassio
    She is indeed perfection.
    Well, happiness to their sheets. Come, lieutenant, I have a stoup of wine and here without are a brace of Cyprus gallants that would fain have a measure to the health of black Othello.
    Cassio
    Not tonight, good Iago. I have very poor 1145and unhappy brains for drinking. I could well wish courtesy would invent some other custom of entertainment.
    Oh, they are our friends--but one cup; I'll drink for you.
    1150Cassio
    I have drunk but one cup tonight, and that was craftily qualified too, and behold what innovation it makes here. I am infortunate in the infirmity and dare not task my weakness with any more.
    What, man? 'Tis a night of revels; the 1155gallants desire it.
    Cassio
    Where are they?
    Here at the door. I pray you call them in.
    Cassio
    I'll do't, but it dislikes me.
    Exit [Cassio].
    If I can fasten but one cup upon him
    1160With that which he hath drunk tonight already,
    He'll be as full of quarrel and offense
    As my young mistress's dog. Now, my sick fool Roderigo,
    Whom love hath turned almost the wrong side out,
    1165To Desdemona hath tonight caroused
    Potations pottle-deep; and he's to watch.
    Three else of Cyprus--noble, swelling spirits
    That hold their honors in a wary distance,
    The very elements of this warlike isle--
    1170Have I tonight flustered with flowing cups,
    And they watch too. Now 'mongst this flock of drunkards
    Am I to put our Cassio in some action
    That may offend the isle. But here they come.
    1175Enter Cassio, Montano, and Gentlemen [with wine].
    If consequence do but approve my dream,
    My boat sails freely, both with wind and stream.
    Cassio
    'Fore God, they have given me a rouse already.
    Montano
    Good faith, a little one--not past a pint, as I am a 1180soldier.
    Some wine, ho!
    [Singing]
    And let me the cannikin clink, clink,
    And let me the cannikin clink.
    A soldier's a man; Oh, man's life's but a span,
    1185Why then let a soldier drink.
    Some wine, boys!
    Cassio
    'Fore God, an excellent song!
    I learned it in England, where indeed they are most potent in potting. Your Dane, your German, 1190and your swag-bellied Hollander--drink, ho!--are nothing to your English.
    Cassio
    Is your Englishman so exquisite in his drinking?
    Why, he drinks you with facility your Dane 1195dead drunk. He sweats not to overthrow your Almain. He gives your Hollander a vomit ere the next pottle can be filled.
    Cassio
    To the health of our general!
    Montano
    I am for it, lieutenant, and I'll do you justice.
    O sweet England!
    [Singing]
    King Stephen was and-a worthy peer,
    His breeches cost him but a crown;
    He held them sixpence all too dear,
    With that he called the tailor lown.
    1205He was a wight of high renown,
    And thou art but of low degree;
    'Tis pride that pulls the country down,
    And take thy old cloak about thee.
    Some wine, ho!
    1210Cassio
    'Fore God, this is a more exquisite song than the other.
    Will you hear't again?
    Cassio
    No, for I hold him to be unworthy of his place that does those things. Well, God's above all, and 1215there be souls must be saved, and there be souls must not be saved.
    It's true, good lieutenant.
    Cassio
    For mine own part--no offense to the general nor any man of quality--I hope to be saved.
    And so do I too, lieutenant.
    Cassio
    Ay--but by your leave, not before me. The lieutenant is to be saved before the ancient. Let's have no more of this. Let's to our affairs. God forgive us our sins. Gentlemen, let's look to our business. Do not 1225think, gentlemen, I am drunk. This is my ancient, this is my right hand and this is my left. I am not drunk now. I can stand well enough, and I speak well enough.
    Gentleman
    Excellent well.
    Cassio
    Why, very well then--you must not think, then, 1230that I am drunk.
    Exit [Cassio].
    Montano
    To th'platform, masters; come, let's set the watch.
    You see this fellow that is gone before:
    He's a soldier fit to stand by Caesar
    1235And give direction. And do but see his vice:
    'Tis to his virtue a just equinox,
    The one as long as th'other. 'Tis pity of him;
    I fear the trust Othello puts him in
    On some odd time of his infirmity
    1240Will shake this island.
    Montano
    But is he often thus?
    'Tis evermore his prologue to his sleep.
    He'll watch the horologe a double set
    If drink rock not his cradle.
    1245Montano
    It were well
    The general were put in mind of it;
    Perhaps he sees it not, or his good nature
    Prizes the virtue that appears in Cassio
    And looks not on his evils. Is not this true?
    1250Enter Roderigo.
    [Aside to Roderigo] How now, Roderigo?
    I pray you, after the lieutenant go.
    [Exit Roderigo.]
    Montano
    And 'tis great pity that the noble Moor
    Should hazard such a place as his own second
    1255With one of an ingraft infirmity.
    It were an honest action to say so
    To the Moor.
    Iago
    Not I, for this fair island;
    I do love Cassio well, and would do much
    1260To cure him of this evil--
    (Voices within) Help! Help!
    Iago
    --but hark, what noise?
    Enter Cassio pursuing Roderigo.
    Zounds, you rogue! You rascal!
    Montano
    What's the matter, lieutenant?
    A knave teach me my duty? I'll beat the 1265knave into a twiggen bottle.
    Roderigo
    Beat me?
    Dost thou prate, rogue?
    Montano
    Nay, good lieutenant! Pray, sir, hold your hand.
    Let me go, sir, or I'll knock you o'er the mazard.
    Montano
    Come, come, you're drunk.
    Drunk?
    [They fight.]
    [Aside to Roderigo] Away, I say! Go out and cry a mutiny.
    [Exit Roderigo.]
    1275Nay, good lieutenant. God's will, gentlemen!
    Help, ho! Lieutenant! Sir Montano! Sir!
    Help, masters! Here's a goodly watch indeed.
    [A bell rings.]
    Who's that which rings the bell? Diablo, ho!
    The town will rise. God's will, lieutenant, hold.
    1280You'll be ashamed forever.
    Enter Othello and attendants [with weapons].
    Othello
    What is the matter here?
    Montano
    Zounds, I bleed still! I am hurt to th'death.
    [Lunging at Cassio]
    He dies!
    Othello
    Hold, for your lives!
    Hold, ho! Lieutenant, Sir Montano, gentlemen!
    Have you forgot all place of sense and duty?
    Hold. The general speaks to you--hold, for shame.
    Othello
    Why, how now, ho? From whence ariseth this?
    Are we turned Turks and to ourselves do that
    1290Which heaven hath forbid the Ottomites?
    For Christian shame, put by this barbarous brawl.
    He that stirs next to carve for his own rage
    Holds his soul light; he dies upon his motion.
    Silence that dreadful bell; it frights the isle
    1295From her propriety. What is the matter, masters?
    Honest Iago, that looks dead with grieving,
    Speak. Who began this? On thy love, I charge thee.
    I do not know. Friends all, but now, even now,
    In quarter and in terms like bride and groom
    1300Divesting them for bed; and then, but now,
    As if some planet had unwitted men,
    Swords out and tilting one at other's breasts
    In opposition bloody. I cannot speak
    Any beginning to this peevish odds.
    1305And would in action glorious I had lost
    Those legs that brought me to a part of it.
    Othello
    How comes it, Michael, you are thus forgot?
    I pray you pardon me; I cannot speak.
    Othello
    Worthy Montano, you were wont to be civil;
    1310The gravity and stillness of your youth
    The world hath noted, and your name is great
    In mouths of wisest censure. What's the matter
    That you unlace your reputation thus,
    And spend your rich opinion for the name
    1315Of a nightbrawler? Give me answer to it.
    Montano
    Worthy Othello, I am hurt to danger.
    Your officer Iago can inform you--
    While I spare speech, which something now offends me--
    Of all that I do know; nor know I ought
    1320By me that's said or done amiss this night,
    Unless self-charity be sometimes a vice,
    And to defend ourselves it be a sin
    When violence assails us.
    Othello
    Now, by heaven,
    1325My blood begins my safer guides to rule,
    And passion, having my best judgment collied,
    Assays to lead the way. Zounds, if I stir,
    Or do but lift this arm, the best of you
    Shall sink in my rebuke. Give me to know
    1330How this foul rout began, who set it on,
    And he that is approved in this offense,
    Though he had twinned with me both at a birth,
    Shall lose me. What, in a town of war
    Yet wild, the people's hearts brimful of fear,
    1335To manage private and domestic quarrel
    In night and on the court and guard of safety?
    'Tis monstrous! Iago, who began't?
    Montano
    If, partially affined or leagued in office,
    Thou dost deliver more or less than truth,
    1340Thou art no soldier.
    Iago
    Touch me not so near.
    I had rather have this tongue cut from my mouth
    Than it should do offence to Michael Cassio;
    Yet I persuade myself to speak the truth
    1345Shall nothing wrong him. This it is, general:
    Montano and myself being in speech,
    There comes a fellow crying out for help,
    And Cassio following with determined sword
    To execute upon him. Sir, this gentleman
    1350Steps in to Cassio and entreats his pause;
    Myself the crying fellow did pursue,
    Lest by his clamor, as it so fell out,
    The town might fall in fright. He, swift of foot,
    Outran my purpose, and I returned then, rather
    1355For that I heard the clink and fall of swords,
    And Cassio high in oath, which till tonight
    I ne'er might say before. When I came back--
    For this was brief--I found them close together
    At blow and thrust, even as again they were
    1360When you yourself did part them.
    More of this matter cannot I report,
    But men are men; the best sometimes forget.
    Though Cassio did some little wrong to him,
    As men in rage strike those that wish them best,
    1365Yet surely Cassio, I believe, received
    From him that fled some strange indignity
    Which patience could not pass.
    Othello
    I know, Iago,
    Thy honesty and love doth mince this matter,
    1370Making it light to Cassio.--Cassio, I love thee,
    But never more be officer of mine.
    Enter Desdemona, attended.
    Look if my gentle love be not raised up.
    I'll make thee an example.
    1375Desdemona
    What is the matter, dear?
    Othello
    All's well, sweeting.
    Come away to bed. [To Montano] Sir, for your hurts
    Myself will be your surgeon. Lead him off.
    [Montano is led off.]
    Iago, look with care about the town,
    1380And silence those whom this vile brawl distracted.
    Come, Desdemona; 'tis the soldier's life
    To have their balmy slumbers waked with strife.
    Exeunt [Othello, Desdemona, and attendants.]
    What, are you hurt, lieutenant?
    Ay, past all surgery.
    Marry, God forbid.
    Reputation, reputation, reputation! Oh, I have lost my reputation! I have lost the immortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial. My reputation, Iago, my reputation.
    As I am an honest man, I had thought you had received some bodily wound; there is more sense in that than in reputation. Reputation is an idle and most false imposition, oft got without merit and lost without deserving. You have lost no reputation at all unless you 1395repute yourself such a loser. What, man, there are more ways to recover the general again. You are but now cast in his mood, a punishment more in policy than in malice--even so as one would beat his offenseless dog to affright an imperious lion. Sue to 1400him again and he's yours.
    I will rather sue to be despised than to deceive so good a commander with so slight, so drunken, and so indiscrete an officer. Drunk? and speak parrot? and squabble? swagger? swear? and discourse fustian 1405with one's own shadow? O thou invisible spirit of wine, if thou hast no name to be known by, let us call thee devil!
    What was he that you followed with your sword? What had he done to you?
    I know not.
    Is't possible?
    I remember a mass of things, but nothing distinctly; a quarrel, but nothing wherefore. O God, that men should put an enemy in their mouths to steal 1415away their brains! that we should with joy, pleasance, revel and applause transform ourselves into beasts!
    Why, but you are now well enough. How came you thus recovered?
    It hath pleased the devil drunkenness to give 1420place to the devil wrath; one unperfectness shows me another to make me frankly despise myself.
    Come, you are too severe a moraler. As the time, the place, and the condition of this country stands, I could heartily wish this had not befallen; but since it is as 1425it is, mend it for your own good.
    I will ask him for my place again; he shall tell me I am a drunkard. Had I as many mouths as Hydra, such an answer would stop them all. To be now a sensible man, by and by a fool, and presently a beast--Oh, 1430strange! Every inordinate cup is unblessed, and the ingredient is a devil.
    Come, come, good wine is a good familiar creature if it be well used; exclaim no more against it. And, good lieutenant, I think you think I love 1435you.
    I have well approved it, sir--I drunk?
    You, or any man living, may be drunk at a time, man. I tell you what you shall do: our general's wife is now the general. I may say so in this respect, 1440for that he hath devoted and given up himself to the contemplation, mark, and devotement of her parts and graces. Confess yourself freely to her; importune her help to put you in your place again. She is of so free, so kind, so apt, so blessed a disposition 1445she holds it a vice in her goodness not to do more than she is requested. This broken joint between you and her husband entreat her to splinter, and, my fortunes against any lay worth naming, this crack of your love shall grow stronger than it was before.
    You advise me well.
    I protest in the sincerity of love and honest kindness.
    I think it freely; and betimes in the morning I will beseech the virtuous Desdemona to undertake 1455for me. I am desperate of my fortunes if they check me.
    You are in the right. Goodnight, lieutenant. I must to the watch.
    Goodnight, honest Iago.
    Exit Cassio.
    And what's he, then, that says I play the villain,
    When this advice is free I give, and honest,
    Probal to thinking, and, indeed, the course
    To win the Moor again? 1465For 'tis most easy
    Th'inclining Desdemona to subdue
    In any honest suit. She's framed as fruitful
    As the free elements. And then for her
    To win the Moor were to renounce his baptism,
    1470All seals and symbols of redeemèd sin;
    His soul is so enfettered to her love
    That she may make, unmake, do what she list
    Even as her appetite shall play the god
    With his weak function. How am I then a villain
    1475To counsel Cassio to this parallel course
    Directly to his good? Divinity of hell!
    When devils will the blackest sins put on,
    They do suggest at first with heavenly shows,
    As I do now. For whiles this honest fool
    1480Plies Desdemona to repair his fortune,
    And she for him pleads strongly to the Moor,
    I'll pour this pestilence into his ear:
    That she repeals him for her body's lust;
    And by how much she strives to do him good,
    1485She shall undo her credit with the Moor.
    So will I turn her virtue into pitch,
    And out of her own goodness make the net
    That shall enmesh them all.
    1490Enter Roderigo.
    How now, Roderigo?
    Roderigo
    I do follow here in the chase, not like a hound that hunts, but one that fills up the cry. My money is almost spent, I have been tonight exceedingly well cudgeled, and I think the issue 1495will be I shall have so much experience for my pains, and so, with no money at all and a little more wit, return again to Venice.
    How poor are they that have not patience?
    What wound did ever heal but by degrees?
    1500Thou know'st we work by wit and not by witchcraft,
    And wit depends on dilatory time.
    Does't not go well? Cassio hath beaten thee,
    And thou by that small hurt hath cashiered Cassio.
    Though other things grow fair against the sun,
    1505Yet fruits that blossom first will first be ripe.
    Content thyself awhile. By the mass, 'tis morning;
    Pleasure and action make the hours seem short.
    Retire thee; go where thou art billeted.
    Away, I say; thou shalt know more hereafter.
    1510Nay, get thee gone.
    Exit Roderigo.
    Two things are to be done:
    My wife must move for Cassio to her mistress;
    I'll set her on.
    1513.1Myself awhile to draw the Moor apart
    And bring him jump when he may Cassio find
    1515Soliciting his wife. Ay, that's the way;
    Dull not device by coldness and delay.
    Exit [Iago].
    3.1
    Enter Cassio, Musicians, and Clown.
    Cassio
    Masters, play here--I will content your pains--1520something that's brief, and bid "Good morrow, general."
    [The musicians play.]
    Clown
    Why, masters, have your instruments been in Naples that they speak i'th'nose thus?
    Musician
    How, sir? How?
    Clown
    Are these, I pray you, wind instruments?
    1525Musician
    Ay, marry, are they, sir.
    Clown
    Oh, thereby hangs a tale.
    Musician
    Whereby hangs a tale, sir?
    Clown
    Marry, sir, by many a wind instrument that I know. But, masters--here's money for you--and the 1530general so likes your music that he desires you for love's sake to make no more noise with it.
    Musician
    Well, sir, we will not.
    If you have any music that may not be heard, to't again. But, as they say, to hear music the 1535general does not greatly care.
    Musician
    We have none such, sir.
    Then put up your pipes in your bag, for I'll away. Go, vanish into air, away.
    Exit Musicians.
    Cassio
    Dost thou hear, mine honest friend?
    No, I hear not your honest friend; I hear you.
    Cassio
    Prithee keep up thy quillets. There's a poor piece of gold for thee. If the gentlewoman that attends the general's wife be stirring, tell her there's one Cassio 1545entreats her a little favor of speech. Wilt thou do this?
    She is stirring, sir. If she will stir hither, I shall seem to notify unto her.
    Do, my good friend.
    Exit Clown.
    Enter Iago.
    Cassio
    In happy time, Iago.
    You have not been abed then?
    Cassio
    Why, no; the day had broke before we parted.
    I have made bold, Iago, to send in to your wife.
    My suit to her is that she will to virtuous Desdemona
    Procure me some access.
    1555Iago
    I'll send her to you presently,
    And I'll devise a mean to draw the Moor
    Out of the way, that your converse and business
    May be more free.
    Exit [Iago].
    Cassio
    I humbly thank you for't.
    I never knew 1560a Florentine more kind and honest.
    Enter Emilia.
    Emilia
    Good morrow, good lieutenant. I am sorry
    For your displeasure, but all will sure be well.
    The general and his wife are talking of it,
    1565And she speaks for you stoutly. The Moor replies
    That he you hurt is of great fame in Cyprus
    And great affinity, and that in wholesome wisdom
    He might not but refuse you. But he protests he loves you
    And needs no other suitor but his likings
    1569.1To take the safest occasion by the front
    1570To bring you in again.
    Cassio
    Yet I beseech you,
    If you think fit, or that it may be done,
    Give me advantage of some brief discourse
    With Desdemon alone.
    1575Emilia
    Pray you come in.
    I will bestow you where you shall have time
    To speak your bosom freely.
    Cassio
    I am much bound to you.
    [Exeunt.]
    3.2
    1580Enter Othello, Iago, and Gentlemen.
    Othello
    These letters give, Iago, to the pilot,
    And by him do my duties to the Senate.
    [Othello hands Iago some papers.]
    That done, I will be walking on the works;
    Repair there to me.
    1585Iago
    Well, my good lord, I'll do't.
    Othello
    This fortification, gentlemen, shall we see't?
    Gentlemen
    We'll wait upon your lordship.
    1587.1Exeunt.
    3.3
    Enter Desdemona, Cassio, and Emilia.
    1590Desdemona
    Be thou assured, good Cassio, I will do
    All my abilities in thy behalf.
    Emilia
    Good madam, do. I warrant it grieves my husband
    As if the cause were his.
    1595Desdemona
    Oh, that's an honest fellow. Do not doubt, Cassio,
    But I will have my lord and you again
    As friendly as you were.
    Cassio
    Bounteous madam,
    Whatever shall become of Michael Cassio,
    1600He's never anything but your true servant.
    Desdemona
    I know't. I thank you. You do love my lord;
    You have known him long, and be you well assured
    He shall in strangeness stand no farther off
    Than in a politic distance.
    1605Cassio
    Ay, but, lady,
    That policy may either last so long,
    Or feed upon such nice and waterish diet,
    Or breed itself so out of circumstances
    That I being absent and my place supplied,
    1610My general will forget my love and service.
    Desdemona
    Do not doubt that. Before Emilia here,
    I give thee warrant of thy place. Assure thee,
    If I do vow a friendship, I'll perform it
    To the last article. My lord shall never rest:
    1615I'll watch him tame and talk him out of patience;
    His bed shall seem a school, his board a shrift;
    I'll intermingle everything he does
    With Cassio's suit. Therefore be merry, Cassio,
    For thy solicitor shall rather die
    1620Than give thy cause away.
    Enter Othello and Iago.
    Emilia
    Madam, here comes my lord.
    Cassio
    Madam, I'll take my leave.
    Desdemona
    Why stay, and hear me speak.
    1625Cassio
    Madam, not now. I am very ill at ease,
    Unfit for mine own purposes.
    Desdemona
    Well, do your discretion.
    Exit Cassio.
    Ha? I like not that.
    Othello
    What dost thou say?
    Nothing, my lord; or if--I know not what.
    Othello
    Was not that Cassio parted from my wife?
    Cassio, my lord? No sure, I cannot think it
    That he would steal away so guilty-like,
    Seeing your coming.
    1635Othello
    I do believe 'twas he.
    Desdemona
    How now, my lord?
    I have been talking with a suitor here,
    A man that languishes in your displeasure.
    Othello
    Who is't you mean?
    1640Desdemona
    Why, your lieutenant, Cassio. Good my lord,
    If I have any grace or power to move you,
    His present reconciliation take;
    For if he be not one that truly loves you,
    That errs in ignorance and not in cunning,
    1645I have no judgment in an honest face.
    I prithee call him back.
    Othello
    Went he hence now?
    Desdemona
    Aye, sooth, so humbled
    That he hath left part of his grief with me
    1650To suffer with him. Good love, call him back.
    Othello
    Not now, sweet Desdemon--some other time.
    Desdemona
    But shall't be shortly?
    Othello
    The sooner, sweet, for you.
    Desdemona
    Shall't be tonight, at supper?
    1655Othello
    No, not tonight.
    Desdemona
    Tomorrow dinner, then?
    Othello
    I shall not dine at home;
    I meet the captains at the citadel.
    Desdemona
    Why then, tomorrow night, or Tuesday morn,
    1660On Tuesday noon or night, or Wednesday morn.
    I prithee name the time, but let it not
    Exceed three days. In faith, he's penitent;
    And yet his trespass, in our common reason--
    Save that they say the wars must make example
    1665Out of her best--is not almost a fault
    T'incur a private check. When shall he come?
    Tell me, Othello. I wonder in my soul
    What you would ask me that I should deny
    Or stand so mamm'ring on? What? Michael Cassio,
    1670That came a-wooing with you, and so many a time
    When I have spoke of you dispraisingly
    Hath ta'en your part--to have so much to do
    To bring him in? By'r Lady, I could do much--
    Othello
    Prithee, no more. Let him come when he will;
    1675I will deny thee nothing.
    Desdemona
    Why, this is not a boon;
    'Tis as I should entreat you wear your gloves,
    Or feed on nourishing dishes, or keep you warm,
    Or sue to you to do a peculiar profit
    1680To your own person. Nay, when I have a suit
    Wherein I mean to touch your love indeed,
    It shall be full of poise and difficult weight,
    And fearful to be granted.
    Othello
    I will deny thee nothing.
    1685Whereon, I do beseech thee, grant me this:
    To leave me but a little to myself.
    Desdemona
    Shall I deny you? No! Farewell, my lord.
    Othello
    Farewell, my Desdemona. I'll come to thee straight.
    Desdemona
    Emilia, come. [To Othello] Be as your fancies teach you.
    1690Whate'er you be, I am obedient.
    Exeunt [Desdemona and Emilia].
    Othello
    Excellent wretch! Perdition catch my soul
    But I do love thee! And when I love thee not,
    Chaos is come again.
    My noble lord--
    1695Othello
    What dost thou say, Iago?
    Did Michael Cassio, when you wooed my lady,
    1697.1Know of your love?
    Othello
    He did, from first to last.
    Why dost thou ask?
    But for a satisfaction of my thought,
    No further harm.
    Othello
    Why of thy thought, Iago?
    I did not think he had been acquainted with her.
    Othello
    Oh yes, and went between us very oft.
    Indeed?
    Othello
    Indeed? Ay, indeed. Discern'st thou aught in that?
    Is he not honest?
    Honest, my lord?
    Othello
    Honest? Ay, honest.
    My lord, for aught I know.
    Othello
    What dost thou think?
    Think, my lord?
    Othello
    "Think, my lord?" By heaven, thou echo'st me
    As if there were some monster in thy thought
    1715Too hideous to be shown. Thou dost mean something.
    I heard thee say even now, thou lik'st not that
    When Cassio left my wife. What didst not like?
    And when I told thee he was of my counsel
    Of my whole course of wooing, thou cried'st "Indeed?"
    1720And didst contract and purse thy brow together
    As if thou then hadst shut up in thy brain
    Some horrible conceit. If thou dost love me,
    Show me thy thought.
    My lord, you know I love you.
    1725Othello
    I think thou dost;
    And for I know thou'rt full of love and honesty,
    And weigh'st thy words before thou giv'st them breath,
    Therefore these stops of thine fright me the more.
    For such things in a false disloyal knave
    1730Are tricks of custom, but in a man that's just,
    They're close dilations, working from the heart,
    That passion cannot rule.
    Iago
    For Michael Cassio,
    I dare be sworn, I think that he is honest.
    1735Othello
    I think so too.
    Iago
    Men should be what they seem,
    Or those that be not, would they might seem none.
    Othello
    Certain, men should be what they seem.
    Why then, I think Cassio's an honest man.
    1740Othello
    Nay, yet there's more in this.
    I prithee speak to me as to thy thinkings,
    As thou dost ruminate, and give thy worst of thoughts
    The worst of words.
    Iago
    Good my lord, pardon me.
    1745Though I am bound to every act of duty,
    I am not bound to that all slaves are free to.
    Utter my thoughts? Why, say they are vile and false--
    As where's that palace whereinto foul things
    Sometimes intrude not? Who has that breast so pure
    1750Wherein uncleanly apprehensions
    Keep leets and law-days, and in sessions sit
    With meditations lawful?
    Othello
    Thou dost conspire against thy friend, Iago,
    If thou but think'st him wronged and mak'st his ear
    1755A stranger to thy thoughts.
    Iago
    I do beseech you,
    Though I perchance am vicious in my guess--
    As I confess it is my nature's plague
    To spy into abuses, and oft my jealousy
    1760Shapes faults that are not--that your wisdom
    From one that so imperfectly conceits
    Would take no notice, nor build yourself a trouble
    Out of his scattering and unsure observance.
    It were not for your quiet nor your good,
    1765Nor for my manhood, honesty, and wisdom
    To let you know my thoughts.
    Othello
    What dost thou mean?
    Good name in man and woman, dear my lord,
    Is the immediate jewel of their souls.
    1770Who steals my purse, steals trash--'tis something, nothing;
    'Twas mine, 'tis his, and has been slave to thousands--
    But he that filches from me my good name
    Robs me of that which not enriches him,
    1775And makes me poor indeed.
    Othello
    I'll know thy thoughts.
    You cannot, if my heart were in your hand,
    Nor shall not, whilst 'tis in my custody.
    Othello
    Ha?
    1780Iago
    Oh, beware, my lord, of jealousy.
    It is the green-eyed monster, which doth mock
    The meat it feeds on. That cuckold lives in bliss
    Who, certain of his fate, loves not his wronger;
    But oh, what damnèd minutes tells he o'er
    1785Who dotes yet doubts, suspects yet soundly loves?
    Othello
    Oh, misery!
    Poor and content is rich, and rich enough,
    But riches fineless is as poor as winter
    To him that ever fears he shall be poor.
    1790Good God, the souls of all my tribe defend
    From jealousy.
    Othello
    Why? Why is this?
    Think'st thou I'd make a life of jealousy,
    To follow still the changes of the moon
    1795With fresh suspicions? No! To be once in doubt
    Is to be resolved. Exchange me for a goat
    When I shall turn the business of my soul
    To such exsuffilate and blowed surmises
    Matching thy inference. 'Tis not to make me jealous
    1800To say my wife is fair, feeds well, loves company,
    Is free of speech, sings, plays, and dances;
    Where virtue is, these are more virtuous.
    Nor from mine own weak merits will I draw
    The smallest fear or doubt of her revolt,
    1805For she had eyes and chose me. No, Iago,
    I'll see before I doubt; when I doubt, prove;
    And on the proof, there is no more but this:
    Away at once with love or jealousy.
    I am glad of this, for now I shall have reason
    1810To show the love and duty that I bear you
    With franker spirit. Therefore, as I am bound,
    Receive it from me. I speak not yet of proof.
    Look to your wife; observe her well with Cassio.
    Wear your eyes thus, not jealous nor secure.
    1815I would not have your free and noble nature
    Out of self-bounty be abused. Look to't.
    I know our country disposition well.
    In Venice they do let God see the pranks
    They dare not show their husbands; 1820their best conscience
    Is not to leave't undone, but keep't unknown.
    Othello
    Dost thou say so?
    She did deceive her father, marrying you;
    And when she seemed to shake and fear your looks,
    1825She loved them most.
    Othello
    And so she did.
    Iago
    Why, go to then.
    She that so young could give out such a seeming
    To seel her father's eyes up close as oak
    1830He thought 'twas witchcraft--but I am much to blame.
    I humbly do beseech you of your pardon
    For too much loving you.
    Othello
    I am bound to thee forever.
    I see this hath a little dashed your spirits.
    Othello
    Not a jot, not a jot.
    Iago
    I'faith, I fear it has.
    I hope you will consider what is spoke
    Comes from your love. 1840But I do see you're moved.
    I am to pray you not to strain my speech
    To grosser issues, nor to larger reach
    Than to suspicion.
    Othello
    I will not.
    1845Iago
    Should you do so, my lord,
    My speech should fall into such vile success,
    Which my thoughts aimed not. Cassio's my worthy friend.
    My lord, I see you're moved.
    1850Othello
    No, not much moved.
    I do not think but Desdemona's honest.
    Long live she so, and long live you to think so.
    Othello
    And yet how nature, erring from itself--
    Ay, there's the point--as, to be bold with you,
    Not to affect many proposed matches
    Of her own clime, complexion, and degree,
    Whereto we see in all things nature tends--
    1860Foh! One may smell in such a will most rank,
    Foul disproportions, thoughts unnatural.
    But, pardon me, I do not in position
    Distinctly speak of her, though I may fear
    Her will, recoiling to her better judgment,
    1865May fall to match you with her country forms,
    And happily repent.
    Othello
    Farewell, farewell.
    If more thou dost perceive, let me know more.
    Set on thy wife to observe. 1870Leave me, Iago.
    [Starting to exit] My lord, I take my leave.
    Othello
    Why did I marry? This honest creature doubtless
    Sees and knows more, much more, than he unfolds.
    [Returning] My lord, I would I might entreat your honor
    To scan this thing no farther; leave it to time.
    Although 'tis fit that Cassio have his place--
    For sure he fills it up with great ability--
    Yet, if you please to hold him off awhile,
    1880You shall by that perceive him and his means.
    Note if your lady strain his entertainment
    With any strong or vehement importunity;
    Much will be seen in that. In the meantime,
    Let me be thought too busy in my fears,
    1885(As worthy cause I have to fear I am),
    And hold her free, I do beseech your honor.
    Othello
    Fear not my government.
    Iago
    I once more take my leave.
    Exit [Iago].
    Othello
    This fellow's of exceeding honesty,
    1890And knows all qualities with a learned spirit
    Of human dealings. If I do prove her haggard,
    Though that her jesses were my dear heartstrings,
    I'd whistle her off and let her down the wind
    To prey at fortune. Haply for I am black
    1895And have not those soft parts of conversation
    That chamberers have, or for I am declined
    Into the vale of years--yet that's not much--
    She's gone. I am abused and my relief
    Must be to loathe her. Oh, curse of marriage,
    1900That we can call these delicate creatures ours
    And not their appetites! I had rather be a toad
    And live upon the vapor of a dungeon
    Than keep a corner in the thing I love
    For others' uses. Yet 'tis the plague to great ones,
    1905Prerogatived are they less than the base;
    'Tis destiny unshunnable, like death.
    Even then this forkèd plague is fated to us
    When we do quicken. Look where she comes--
    Enter Desdemona and Emilia.
    1910If she be false, heaven mocked itself;
    I'll not believe't.
    Desdemona
    How now, my dear Othello?
    Your dinner, and the generous islanders
    By you invited, do attend your presence.
    1915Othello
    I am to blame.
    Desdemona
    Why do you speak so faintly?
    Are you not well?
    Othello
    I have a pain upon my forehead, here.
    Desdemona
    Why, that's with watching; 'twill away again.
    1920Let me but bind it hard; within this hour
    It will be well.
    [Desdemona tries to bind Othello's head with her handkerchief.]
    Othello
    Your napkin is too little.
    [The handkerchief falls.]
    Let it alone. Come, I'll go in with you.
    Desdemona
    I am very sorry that you are not well.
    Exeunt [Othello and Desdemona].
    [Picking up the handkerchief] I am glad I have found this napkin.
    This was her first remembrance from the Moor.
    My wayward husband hath a hundred times
    Wooed me to steal it, but she so loves the token--
    For he conjured her she should ever keep it--
    1930That she reserves it evermore about her
    To kiss and talk to. I'll have the work taken out
    And give't Iago. What he will do with it,
    Heaven knows, not I;
    I nothing but to please his fantasy.
    1935Enter Iago.
    How now? What do you here alone?
    Do not you chide; I have a thing for you.
    You have a thing for me? It is a common thing--
    Ha?
    To have a foolish wife.
    Oh, is that all? What will you give me now
    For that same handkerchief?
    Iago
    What handkerchief?
    What handkerchief?
    Why that the Moor first gave to Desdemona,
    That which so often you did bid me steal.
    Hast stolen it from her?
    No, but she let it drop by negligence,
    1950And, to th'advantage, I, being here, took't up.
    Look, here 'tis.
    Iago
    A good wench. Give it me.
    What will you do with't, that you have been
    So earnest to have me filch it?
    [Iago snatches the handkerchief.]
    1955Iago
    Why, what is that to you?
    If it be not for some purpose of import,
    Giv't me again. Poor lady, she'll run mad
    When she shall lack it.
    Iago
    Be not acknown on't;
    1960I have use for it. Go, leave me.
    Exit Emilia.
    I will in Cassio's lodging lose this napkin
    And let him find it. Trifles light as air
    Are to the jealous confirmations strong
    As proofs of holy writ. This may do something.
    1965The Moor already changes with my poison.
    Dangerous conceits are in their natures poisons,
    Which at the first are scarce found to distaste,
    But with a little act upon the blood,
    Burn like the mines of sulfur. I did say so.
    1970Enter Othello.
    Look where he comes. Not poppy, nor mandragora,
    Nor all the drowsy syrups of the world
    Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep
    Which thou owedst yesterday.
    1975Othello
    Ha, ha! False to me?
    Why, how now, general? No more of that.
    Othello
    Avaunt, be gone! Thou hast set me on the rack.
    I swear 'tis better to be much abused
    Than but to know't a little.
    1980Iago
    How now, my lord?
    Othello
    What sense had I in her stolen hours of lust?
    I saw't not, thought it not, it harmed not me.
    I slept the next night well, fed well, was free and merry.
    I found not Cassio's kisses on her lips.
    1985He that is robbed, not wanting what is stolen,
    Let him not know't, and he's not robbed at all.
    I am sorry to hear this.
    Othello
    I had been happy if the general camp,
    Pioneers and all, had tasted her sweet body,
    1990So I had nothing known. Oh, now, forever
    Farewell the tranquil mind; farewell content;
    Farewell the plumèd troops and the big wars
    That makes ambition virtue! Oh, farewell!
    Farewell the neighing steed and the shrill trump,
    1995The spirit-stirring drum, the ear-piercing fife,
    The royal banner, and all quality,
    Pride, pomp, and circumstance of glorious war!
    And O you mortal engines whose rude throats
    The immortal Jove's dread clamors counterfeit,
    2000Farewell! Othello's occupation's gone.
    Is't possible, my lord?
    Othello
    Villain, be sure thou prove my love a whore!
    Be sure of it. Give me the ocular proof,
    [Othello grabs Iago.]
    Or, by the worth of mine eternal soul,
    2005Thou hadst been better have been born a dog
    Than answer my waked wrath.
    Iago
    Is't come to this?
    Othello
    Make me to see't, or at the least so prove it
    That the probation bear no hinge nor loop
    2010To hang a doubt on, or woe upon thy life!
    My noble lord--
    Othello
    If thou dost slander her and torture me,
    Never pray more; abandon all remorse,
    On horror's head horrors accumulate,
    2015Do deeds to make heaven weep, all earth amazed,
    For nothing canst thou to damnation add
    Greater than that.
    Iago
    O grace! O heaven forgive me!
    Are you a man? Have you a soul? or sense?
    2020God b'wi'you, take mine office. O wretched fool
    That lov'st to make thine honesty a vice!
    O monstrous world! Take note, take note, O world,
    To be direct and honest is not safe.
    I thank you for this profit, and from hence
    2025I'll love no friend sith love breeds such offense.
    Othello
    Nay, stay; thou shouldst be honest.
    I should be wise, for honesty's a fool
    And loses that it works for.
    Othello
    By the world,
    2030I think my wife be honest, and think she is not;
    I think that thou art just, and think thou art not.
    I'll have some proof. Her name, that was as fresh
    As Dian's visage, is now begrimed and black
    As mine own face. If there be cords or knives,
    2035Poison, or fire, or suffocating streams,
    I'll not endure it. Would I were satisfied.
    I see you are eaten up with passion;
    I do repent me that I put it to you.
    You would be satisfied?
    2040Othello
    Would? Nay, and I will.
    And may--but how? how satisfied, my lord?
    Would you, the supervisor, grossly gape on?
    Behold her topped?
    Othello
    Death and damnation! Oh!
    It were a tedious difficulty, I think,
    To bring them to that prospect. Damn them then,
    If ever mortal eyes do see them bolster
    More than their own. What then? How then?
    What shall I say? Where's satisfaction?
    2050It is impossible you should see this
    Were they as prime as goats, as hot as monkeys,
    As salt as wolves in pride, and fools as gross
    As ignorance made drunk. But yet, I say,
    If imputation and strong circumstances,
    2055Which lead directly to the door of truth,
    Will give you satisfaction, you might have't.
    Othello
    Give me a living reason she's disloyal.
    I do not like the office;
    But sith I am entered in this cause so far--
    2060Pricked to't by foolish honesty and love--
    I will go on: I lay with Cassio lately,
    And, being troubled with a raging tooth,
    I could not sleep. There are a kind of men
    So loose of soul that in their sleeps will mutter
    2065Their affairs; one of this kind is Cassio.
    In sleep I heard him say "Sweet Desdemona,
    Let us be wary; let us hide our loves."
    And then, sir, would he gripe and wring my hand,
    Cry "O sweet creature!", then kiss me hard,
    2070As if he plucked up kisses by the roots
    That grew upon my lips, then laid his leg
    O'er my thigh, and sighed, and kissed, and then
    Cried "Cursèd fate that gave thee to the Moor!"
    Othello
    Oh, monstrous! monstrous!
    2075Iago
    Nay, this was but his dream.
    Othello
    But this denoted a foregone conclusion;
    'Tis a shrewd doubt, though it be but a dream.
    And this may help to thicken other proofs
    That do demonstrate thinly.
    2080Othello
    I'll tear her all to pieces!
    Nay, yet be wise, yet we see nothing done;
    She may be honest yet. Tell me but this:
    Have you not sometimes seen a handkerchief
    Spotted with strawberries in your wife's hand?
    2085Othello
    I gave her such a one; 'twas my first gift.
    I know not that, but such a handkerchief--
    I am sure it was your wife's--did I today
    See Cassio wipe his beard with.
    Othello
    If it be that--
    If it be that, or any, it was hers.
    It speaks against her with the other proofs.
    Othello
    Oh, that the slave had forty thousand lives!
    One is too poor, too weak for my revenge.
    Now do I see 'tis true. Look here, Iago:
    2095All my fond love thus do I blow to heaven--'tis gone!
    Arise, black vengeance from the hollow hell.
    Yield up, O love, thy crown and hearted throne
    To tyrannous hate. Swell, bosom, with thy fraught,
    For 'tis of aspics' tongues.
    2100Iago
    Yet be content.
    [Othello kneels.]
    Othello
    Oh, blood, blood, blood!
    Patience, I say. Your mind may change.
    Othello
    Never, Iago. Like to the Pontic Sea,
    Whose icy current and compulsive course
    2105Ne'er keeps retiring ebb but keeps due on
    To the Propontic and the Hellespont,
    Even so my bloody thoughts with violent pace
    Shall ne'er look back, ne'er ebb to humble love,
    Till that a capable and wide revenge
    2110Swallow them up. Now, by yon marble heaven,
    In the due reverence of a sacred vow,
    I here engage my words.
    Iago
    Do not rise yet.
    Witness, you ever-burning lights above,
    2115You elements that clip us round about,
    [Iago kneels.]
    Witness that here Iago doth give up
    The execution of his wit, hands, heart
    To wronged Othello's service. Let him command,
    And to obey shall be in me remorse,
    2120What bloody business ever.
    [Othello and Iago rise.]
    Othello
    I greet thy love
    Not with vain thanks but with acceptance bounteous,
    And will upon the instant put thee to't.
    Within these three days let me hear thee say
    2125That Cassio's not alive.
    Iago
    My friend is dead;
    'Tis done at your request. But let her live.
    Othello
    Damn her, lewd minx! 2130Oh, damn her, damn her!
    Come, go with me apart; I will withdraw
    To furnish me with some swift means of death
    For the fair devil. Now art thou my lieutenant.
    I am your own forever.
    Exeunt.
    3.4
    Enter Desdemona, Emilia, and Clown.
    Desdemona
    Do you know, sirrah, where Lieutenant Cassio lies?
    2140Clown
    I dare not say he lies anywhere.
    Desdemona
    Why, man?
    Clown
    He's a soldier, and for me to say a soldier lies, 'tis stabbing.
    Desdemona
    Go to! Where lodges he?
    2145Clown
    To tell you where he lodges is to tell you where I lie.
    Desdemona
    Can anything be made of this?
    Clown
    I know not where he lodges, and for me to devise a lodging, and say he lies here or he lies there, were 2150to lie in mine own throat.
    Desdemona
    Can you inquire him out and be edified by report?
    I will catechize the world for him--that is, make questions and by them answer.
    2155Desdemona
    Seek him, bid him come hither, tell him I have moved my lord on his behalf, and hope all will be well.
    To do this is within the compass of man's wit, and therefore I will attempt the doing it.
    Exit Clown.
    2160Desdemona
    Where should I lose the handkerchief, Emilia?
    Emilia
    I know not, madam.
    Desdemona
    Believe me, I had rather lose my purse
    Full of crusadoes; and but my noble Moor
    2165Is true of mind and made of no such baseness
    As jealous creatures are, it were enough
    To put him to ill thinking.
    Emilia
    Is he not jealous?
    Desdemona
    Who, he? I think the sun where he was born
    2170Drew all such humors from him.
    Emilia
    Look where he comes.
    Enter Othello.
    Desdemona
    I will not leave him now till Cassio
    Be called to him. How is't with you, my lord?
    2175Othello
    Well, my good lady. [Aside] Oh, hardness to dissemble!
    How do you, Desdemona?
    Desdemona
    Well, my good lord.
    Othello
    Give me your hand.
    [Othello takes Desdemona's hand.]
    This hand is moist, my lady.
    2180Desdemona
    It hath felt no age, nor known no sorrow.
    Othello
    This argues fruitfulness and liberal heart--
    Hot, hot and moist. This hand of yours requires
    A sequester from liberty--fasting and prayer,
    Much castigation, exercise devout--
    2185For here's a young and sweating devil here
    That commonly rebels. 'Tis a good hand,
    A frank one.
    Desdemona
    You may indeed say so,
    For 'twas that hand that gave away my heart.
    2190Othello
    A liberal hand. The hearts of old gave hands,
    But our new heraldry is hands, not hearts.
    Desdemona
    I cannot speak of this. Come, now your promise.
    Othello
    What promise, chuck?
    2195Desdemona
    I have sent to bid Cassio come speak with you.
    Othello
    I have a salt and sorry rheum offends me;
    Lend me thy handkerchief.
    Desdemona
    Here, my lord.
    Othello
    That which I gave you.
    2200Desdemona
    I have it not about me.
    Othello
    Not?
    Desdemona
    No, faith, my lord.
    Othello
    That's a fault. That handkerchief
    Did an Egyptian to my mother give.
    2205She was a charmer and could almost read
    The thoughts of people. She told her while she kept it
    'Twould make her amiable and subdue my father
    Entirely to her love, but if she lost it,
    Or made a gift of it, my father's eye
    2210Should hold her loathed, and his spirits should hunt
    After new fancies. She, dying, gave it me,
    And bid me, when my fate would have me wived,
    To give it her. I did so; and, take heed on't,
    Make it a darling like your precious eye.
    2215To lose't or give't away were such perdition
    As nothing else could match.
    Desdemona
    Is't possible?
    Othello
    'Tis true. There's magic in the web of it:
    A sybil that had numbered in the world
    2220The sun to course two hundred compasses,
    In her prophetic fury sewed the work;
    The worms were hallowed that did breed the silk,
    And it was dyed in mummy, which the skillful
    Conserved of maidens' hearts.
    2225Desdemona
    I'faith, is't true?
    Othello
    Most veritable; therefore look to't well.
    Desdemona
    Then would to God that I had never seen't!
    Othello
    Ha? Wherefore?
    Desdemona
    Why do you speak so startingly and rash?
    2230Othello
    Is't lost? Is't gone? Speak, is't out o'th'way?
    Desdemona
    Heaven bless us!
    Othello
    Say you?
    Desdemona
    It is not lost; but what and if it were?
    Othello
    How?
    2235Desdemona
    I say it is not lost.
    Othello
    Fetch't, let me see't.
    Desdemona
    Why so I can; but I will not now.
    This is a trick to put me from my suit.
    Pray you, let Cassio be received again.
    2240Othello
    Fetch me the handkerchief, my mind misgives.
    Desdemona
    Come, come!
    You'll never meet a more sufficient man--
    Othello
    The handkerchief.
    2245Desdemona
    A man that all his time
    Hath founded his good fortunes on your love,
    Shared dangers with you--
    Othello
    The handkerchief.
    Desdemona
    I'faith, you are to blame.
    2250Othello
    Zounds!
    Exit Othello.
    Emilia
    Is not this man jealous?
    Desdemona
    I ne'er saw this before.
    Sure there's some wonder in this handkerchief;
    I am most unhappy in the loss.
    2255Emilia
    'Tis not a year or two shows us a man.
    They are all but stomachs, and we all but food;
    They eat us hungerly, and when they are full
    They belch us.
    Enter Iago and Cassio.
    2260Look you, Cassio and my husband.
    There is no other way; 'tis she must do't--
    And lo, the happiness! Go and importune her.
    Desdemona
    How now, good Cassio, what's the news with you?
    Madam, my former suit: I do beseech you
    That by your virtuous means I may again
    Exist and be a member of his love,
    Whom I, with all the office of my heart,
    Entirely honor. I would not be delayed.
    2270If my offense be of such mortal kind
    That nor my service past, nor present sorrows,
    Nor purposed merit in futurity
    Can ransom me into his love again,
    But to know so must be my benefit;
    2275So shall I clothe me in a forced content
    And shut myself up in some other course
    To fortune's alms.
    Desdemona
    Alas, thrice-gentle Cassio,
    My advocation is not now in tune;
    2280My lord is not my lord, nor should I know him
    Were he in favor as in humor altered.
    So help me every spirit sanctified
    As I have spoken for you all my best,
    And stood within the blank of his displeasure
    2285For my free speech. You must awhile be patient.
    What I can do, I will; and more I will
    Than for myself I dare. Let that suffice you.
    Is my lord angry?
    Emilia
    He went hence but now,
    2290And certainly in strange unquietness.
    Can he be angry? I have seen the cannon
    When it hath blown his ranks into the air
    And, like the devil, from his very arm
    Puffed his own brother--and is he angry?
    2295Something of moment then. I will go meet him;
    There's matter in't indeed if he be angry.
    Desdemona
    I prithee do so.
    Exit [Iago].
    Something sure of state,
    Either from Venice or some unhatched practise
    Made demonstrable here in Cyprus to him,
    2300Hath puddled his clear spirit; and in such cases
    Men's natures wrangle with inferior things,
    Though great ones are their object. 'Tis even so.
    For let our finger ache and it endues
    Our other healthful members even to a sense
    2305Of pain. Nay, we must think men are not gods,
    Nor of them look for such observancy
    As fits the bridal. Beshrew me much, Emilia.
    I was, unhandsome warrior as I am,
    Arraigning his unkindness with my soul;
    2310But now I find I had suborned the witness,
    And he's indicted falsely.
    Emilia
    Pray heaven it be
    State matters, as you think, and no conception
    Nor no jealous toy concerning you.
    2315Desdemona
    Alas the day! I never gave him cause.
    But jealous souls will not be answered so;
    They are not ever jealous for the cause,
    But jealous for they're jealous. It is a monster
    Begot upon itself, born on itself.
    2320Desdemona
    Heaven keep the monster from Othello's mind.
    Lady, amen.
    Desdemona
    I will go seek him. Cassio, walk here about.
    If I do find him fit, I'll move your suit
    And seek to effect it to my uttermost.
    I humbly thank your ladyship.
    Exeunt Desdemona and Emilia.
    Enter Bianca.
    'Save you, friend Cassio.
    Cassio
    What make you from home?
    How is't with you, my most fair Bianca?
    2330I'faith, sweet love, I was coming to your house.
    And I was going to your lodging, Cassio.
    What, keep a week away? Seven days and nights?
    Eight score eight hours? And lovers' absent hours
    More tedious than the dial eight score times?
    2335Oh, weary reckoning!
    Cassio
    Pardon me, Bianca.
    I have this while with leaden thoughts been pressed,
    But I shall in a more continuate time
    Strike off this score of absence. Sweet Bianca,
    2340Take me this work out.
    [Cassio gives Desdemona's handkerchief to Bianca.]
    Bianca
    O Cassio, whence came this?
    This is some token from a newer friend.
    To the felt absence now I feel a cause.
    Is't come to this? Well, well.
    2345Cassio
    Go to, woman!
    Throw your vile guesses in the devil's teeth,
    From whence you have them. You are jealous now
    That this is from some mistress, some remembrance?
    No, by my faith, Bianca.
    2350Bianca
    Why, whose is it?
    I know not neither; I found it in my chamber.
    I like the work well; ere it be demanded,
    As like enough it will, I would have it copied.
    2355Take it and do't, and leave me for this time.
    Leave you? Wherefore?
    I do attend here on the general,
    And think it no addition nor my wish
    To have him see me womaned.
    2360Bianca
    Why, I pray you?
    Not that I love you not.
    Bianca
    But that you do not love me.
    I pray you bring me on the way a little,
    And say if I shall see you soon at night.
    'Tis but a little way that I can bring you,
    For I attend here, but I'll see you soon.
    'Tis very good. I must be circumstanced.
    Exeunt.
    4.1
    2370Enter Othello and Iago.
    Will you think so?
    Othello
    Think so, Iago?
    Iago
    What,
    To kiss in private?
    Othello
    An unauthorized kiss?
    Or to be naked with her friend in bed
    An hour or more, not meaning any harm?
    Othello
    Naked in bed, Iago, and not mean harm?
    It is hypocrisy against the devil.
    They that mean virtuously and yet do so,
    2380The devil their virtue tempts, and they tempt heaven.
    If they do nothing, 'tis a venial slip;
    But if I give my wife a handkerchief--
    Othello
    What then?
    Why then 'tis hers, my lord, and, being hers,
    2385She may, I think, bestow't on any man.
    Othello
    She is protectress of her honor too;
    May she give that?
    Her honor is an essence that's not seen;
    They have it very oft, that have it not.
    2390But for the handkerchief--
    Othello
    By heaven, I would most gladly have forgot it!
    Thou saidst--Oh, it comes ore my memory
    As doth the raven o'er the infectious house,
    Boding to all--he had my handkerchief.
    Ay, what of that?
    Othello
    That's not so good now.
    What if I had said I had seen him do you wrong?
    Or heard him say--as knaves be such abroad
    Who, having by their own importunate suit
    2400Or voluntary dotage of some mistress
    Convincèd or supplied them, cannot choose
    But they must blab--
    Othello
    Hath he said anything?
    He hath, my lord, but be you well assured,
    2405No more than he'll unswear.
    Othello
    What hath he said?
    Faith, that he did--I know not what he did.
    Othello
    What? What?
    Iago
    Lie.
    2410Othello
    With her?
    With her, on her--what you will.
    Othello
    Lie with her? Lie on her? We say "lie on her" when they belie her. Lie with her? Zounds, that's fulsome! Handkerchief! Confessions! Handkerchief!--To 2415confess and be hanged for his labor. First to be hanged and then to confess! I tremble at it. Nature would not invest herself in such shadowing passion without some instruction. It is not words that shakes me thus. Pish! Noses, ears, and lips!--Is't possible? Confess? 2420Handkerchief? O devil!
    [Othello] falls in a trance.
    Work on,
    My medicine works! Thus credulous fools are caught,
    And many worthy and chaste dames even thus,
    All guiltless, meet reproach. What ho! My lord?
    2425My lord, I say! Othello!
    Enter Cassio.
    How now, Cassio?
    Cassio
    What's the matter?
    My lord is fallen into an epilepsy.
    2430This is his second fit; he had one yesterday.
    Cassio
    Rub him about the temples.
    2431.1Iago
    No, forbear.
    The lethargy must have his quiet course;
    If not, he foams at mouth and by and by
    Breaks out to savage madness. Look, he stirs.
    2435Do you withdraw yourself a little while.
    He will recover straight. When he is gone,
    I would on great occasion speak with you.
    [Exit Cassio.]
    How is it, general? Have you not hurt your head?
    Othello
    Dost thou mock me?
    2440Iago
    I mock you not, by heaven!
    Would you would bear your fortune like a man.
    Othello
    A hornèd man's a monster and a beast.
    There's many a beast then in a populous city,
    And many a civil monster.
    2445Othello
    Did he confess it?
    Iago
    Good sir, be a man.
    Think every bearded fellow that's but yoked
    May draw with you. There's millions now alive
    That nightly lie in those unproper beds,
    2450Which they dare swear peculiar. Your case is better.
    Oh, 'tis the spite of hell, the fiend's arch-mock,
    To lip a wanton in a secure couch
    And to suppose her chaste. No, let me know,
    And, knowing what I am, I know what she shall be.
    2455Othello
    Oh, thou art wise, 'tis certain.
    Iago
    Stand you awhile apart;
    Confine yourself but in a patient list:
    Whilst you were here, o'erwhelmèd with your grief--
    A passion most unsuiting such a man--
    2460Cassio came hither. I shifted him away
    And laid good 'scuses upon your ecstasy,
    Bade him anon return and here speak with me,
    The which he promised. Do but encave yourself,
    And mark the fleers, the gibes and notable scorns
    2465That dwell in every region of his face.
    For I will make him tell the tale anew:
    Where, how, how oft, how long ago, and when
    He hath and is again to cope your wife.
    I say, but mark his gesture--marry, patience!
    2470Or I shall say you're all in all in spleen
    And nothing of a man.
    Othello
    Dost thou hear, Iago?
    I will be found most cunning in my patience,
    But--dost thou hear?--most bloody.
    2475Iago
    That's not amiss,
    But yet keep time in all. Will you withdraw?
    [Othello withdraws.]
    Now will I question Cassio of Bianca,
    A huswife that by selling her desires
    Buys herself bread and cloth. It is a creature
    2480That dotes on Cassio--as 'tis the strumpet's plague
    To beguile many and be beguiled by one.
    He, when he hears of her, cannot restrain
    From the excess of laughter. Here he comes.
    Enter Cassio.
    2485As he shall smile, Othello shall go mad;
    And his unbookish jealousy must conster
    Poor Cassio's smiles, gestures, and light behaviors
    Quite in the wrong. How do you, lieutenant?
    Cassio
    The worser that you give me the addition
    2490Whose want even kills me.
    Ply Desdemona well, and you are sure on't.
    Now if this suit lay in Bianca's power,
    How quickly should you speed.
    Cassio
    Alas, poor caitiff!
    2495Othello
    [Aside] Look how he laughs already.
    I never knew a woman love man so.
    Alas, poor rogue, I think i'faith she loves me.
    Othello
    [Aside] Now he denies it faintly and laughs it out.
    Do you hear, Cassio?
    2500Othello
    [Aside] Now he importunes him
    To tell it o'er. Go to, well said, well said.
    She gives it out that you shall marry her.
    Do you intend it?
    Ha, ha, ha!
    2505Othello
    [Aside] Do you triumph, Roman? Do you triumph?
    I marry? What, a customer?
    Prithee bear some charity to my wit;
    Do not think it so unwholesome. Ha, ha, ha!
    Othello
    [Aside] So, so, so, so! They laugh that wins.
    Faith, the cry goes that you marry her.
    Prithee say true.
    I am a very villain else.
    Othello
    [Aside] Have you scored me? Well.
    This is the monkey's own giving out.
    2515She is persuaded I will marry her
    Out of her own love and flattery, not out of my promise.
    Othello
    [Aside] Iago beckons me; now he begins the story.
    She was here even now; she haunts me in every place. I was the other day talking on the 2520seabank with certain Venetians, and thither comes the bauble and, by this hand, she falls me thus about my neck.
    Othello
    [Aside] Crying "O dear Cassio!" as it were; his gesture imports it.
    So hangs, and lolls, and weeps upon me; 2525so shakes and pulls me. Ha, ha, ha!
    Othello
    [Aside] Now he tells how she plucked him to my chamber. Oh, I see that nose of yours, but not that dog I shall throw it to.
    Well, I must leave her company.
    Before me! Look where she comes.
    Enter Bianca.
    'Tis such another fitchew--marry, a perfumed one!
    What do you mean by this haunting of me?
    Let the devil and his dam haunt you! What 2535did you mean by that same handkerchief you gave me even now? I was a fine fool to take it! I must take out the work? A likely piece of work, that you should find it in your chamber and know not who left it there. This is some minx's token, and I must take out the work? 2540There, give it your hobby-horse!
    [Bianca throws down the handkerchief.]
    Wheresoever you had it, I'll take out no work on't.
    How now, my sweet Bianca? How now? How now?
    Othello
    [Aside] By heaven, that should be my handkerchief!
    If you'll come to supper tonight, you may; if you will not, come when you are next prepared for.
    Exit [Bianca].
    After her, after her!
    Faith, I must; she'll rail in the streets else.
    Will you sup there?
    Faith, I intend so.
    Well, I may chance to see you, for I would very fain speak with you.
    Prithee come, will you?
    Go to, say no more.
    [Exit Cassio.]
    2555Othello
    [Coming forward] How shall I murder him, Iago?
    Did you perceive how he laughed at his vice?
    Othello
    Oh, Iago!
    And did you see the handkerchief?
    Othello
    Was that mine?
    Yours, by this hand--and to see how he prizes the foolish woman your wife; she gave it him, and he hath given it his whore.
    Othello
    I would have him nine years a-killing! A fine woman, a fair woman, a sweet woman!
    Nay, you must forget that.
    Othello
    Ay, let her rot and perish and be damned tonight, for she shall not live. No, my heart is turned to stone; I strike it and it hurts my hand. Oh, the world hath not a sweeter creature! She might lie by an 2570emperor's side and command him tasks.
    Nay, that's not your way.
    Othello
    Hang her, I do but say what she is: so delicate with her needle, an admirable musician--Oh, she will sing the savageness out of a bear--of so high 2575plenteous wit and invention!
    She's the worse for all this.
    Othello
    Oh, a thousand, a thousand times--and then of so gentle a condition!
    Ay, too gentle.
    2580Othello
    Nay, that's certain--but yet the pity of it, Iago! Oh, Iago, the pity of it, Iago!
    If you are so fond over her iniquity, give her patent to offend; for if it touch not you, it comes near 2585nobody.
    Othello
    I will chop her into messes--cuckold me?
    Oh, 'tis foul in her.
    Othello
    With mine officer?
    That's fouler.
    2590Othello
    Get me some poison, Iago, this night. I'll not expostulate with her lest her body and beauty unprovide my mind again. This night, Iago.
    Do it not with poison. Strangle her in her bed, even the bed she hath contaminated.
    2595Othello
    Good, good--the justice of it pleases! Very good.
    And for Cassio, let me be his undertaker. You shall hear more by midnight.
    2600Othello
    Excellent good--
    [A trumpet sounds.]
    What trumpet is that same?
    I warrant something from Venice.
    Enter Lodovico, Desdemona, and attendants.
    'Tis Lodovico, this, comes from the duke.
    See, your wife's with him.
    Lodovico
    God save you, worthy general.
    2605Othello
    With all my heart, sir.
    Lodovico
    [Giving Othello a letter] The Duke and the Senators of Venice greet you.
    Othello
    I kiss the instrument of their pleasures.
    Desdemona
    And what's the news, good cousin Lodovico?
    I am very glad to see you, signor.
    2610Welcome to Cyprus.
    Lodovico
    I thank you. How does Lieutenant Cassio?
    Lives, sir.
    Desdemona
    Cousin, there's fallen between him and my lord
    An unkind breach, but you shall make all well.
    2615Othello
    Are you sure of that?
    Desdemona
    My lord?
    Othello
    [Reading]
    "This fail you not to do, as you will . . . "
    Lodovico
    He did not call; he's busy in the paper.
    Is there division 'twixt my lord and Cassio?
    2620Desdemona
    A most unhappy one. I would do much
    T'atone them, for the love I bear to Cassio.
    Othello
    Fire and brimstone!
    Desdemona
    My lord?
    Othello
    Are you wise?
    2625Desdemona
    What, is he angry?
    Lodovico
    Maybe the letter moved him.
    For, as I think, they do command him home,
    Deputing Cassio in his government.
    Desdemona
    By my troth, I am glad on't.
    2630Othello
    Indeed?
    Desdemona
    My lord?
    Othello
    I am glad to see you mad.
    Desdemona
    Why, sweet Othello?
    Othello
    [Striking her] Devil!
    2635Desdemona
    I have not deserved this.
    Lodovico
    My lord, this would not be believed in Venice,
    Though I should swear I saw't. 'Tis very much.
    Make her amends; she weeps.
    Othello
    O devil, devil!
    2640If that the earth could teem with woman's tears,
    Each drop she falls would prove a crocodile.--
    Out of my sight!
    Desdemona
    [Starting to exit] I will not stay to offend you.
    Lodovico
    Truly obedient lady!
    2645I do beseech your lordship call her back.
    Othello
    Mistress!
    Desdemona
    [Returning] My lord?
    Othello
    What would you with her, sir?
    Lodovico
    Who I, my lord?
    2650Othello
    Ay, you did wish that I would make her turn.
    Sir, she can turn, and turn, and yet go on
    And turn again. And she can weep, sir, weep;
    And she's obedient, as you say, obedient,
    Very obedient.--Proceed you in your tears!--
    2655Concerning this, sir--O well-painted passion!--
    I am commanded home.--Get you away!
    I'll send for you anon.--Sir, I obey the mandate
    And will return to Venice.--Hence, avaunt!--
    [Exit Desdemona.]
    Cassio shall have my place. And, sir, tonight
    2660I do entreat that we may sup together.
    You are welcome, sir, to Cyprus.--Goats and monkeys!
    Exit [Othello].
    Lodovico
    Is this the noble Moor whom our full senate
    Call all in all sufficient? Is this the nature
    2665Whom passion could not shake? Whose solid virtue
    The shot of accident nor dart of chance
    Could neither graze nor pierce?
    Iago
    He is much changed.
    Lodovico
    Are his wits safe? Is he not light of brain?
    He's that he is; I may not breathe my censure.
    What he might be--if what he might, he is not--
    I would to heaven he were.
    Lodovico
    What? Strike his wife?
    Faith, that was not so well; yet would I knew
    2675That stroke would prove the worst.
    Lodovico
    Is it his use?
    Or did the letters work upon his blood
    And new-create his fault?
    Iago
    Alas, alas!
    2680It is not honesty in me to speak
    What I have seen and known. You shall observe him
    And his own courses will denote him so
    That I may save my speech; do but go after
    And mark how he continues.
    2685Lodovico
    I am sorry that I am deceived in him.
    Exeunt.
    4.2
    Enter Othello and Emilia.
    Othello
    You have seen nothing then?
    Emilia
    Nor ever heard, nor ever did suspect.
    2690Othello
    Yes, you have seen Cassio and she together.
    Emilia
    But then I saw no harm; and then I heard
    Each syllable that breath made up between them.
    Othello
    What? Did they never whisper?
    Emilia
    Never, my lord.
    2695Othello
    Nor send you out o'th'way?
    Emilia
    Never.
    Othello
    To fetch her fan, her gloves, her mask, nor nothing?
    Emilia
    Never, my lord.
    Othello
    That's strange.
    2700Emilia
    I durst, my lord, to wager she is honest,
    Lay down my soul at stake. If you think other,
    Remove your thought; it doth abuse your bosom.
    If any wretch have put this in your head,
    Let heaven requite it with the serpent's curse,
    2705For if she be not honest, chaste, and true,
    There's no man happy. The purest of their wives
    Is foul as slander.
    Othello
    Bid her come hither--go.
    Exit Emilia.
    She says enough; yet she's a simple bawd
    2710That cannot say as much. This is a subtle whore,
    A closet lock and key of villainous secrets,
    And yet she'll kneel and pray--I have seen her do't.
    Enter Desdemona and Emilia.
    Desdemona
    My lord, what is your will?
    2715Othello
    Pray you, chuck, come hither.
    Desdemona
    What is your pleasure?
    Othello
    Let me see your eyes;
    Look in my face.
    Desdemona
    What horrible fancy's this?
    Othello
    [To Emilia] Some of your function, mistress,
    2720Leave procreants alone and shut the door,
    Cough or cry "hem!" if anybody come.
    Your mystery, your mystery--nay, dispatch!
    Exit Emilia.
    Desdemona
    [Kneeling] Upon my knee, what doth your speech import?
    I understand a fury in your words,
    But not the words.
    2725Othello
    Why? What art thou?
    Desdemona
    Your wife, my lord, your true and loyal wife.
    Othello
    Come, swear it; damn thyself,
    Lest, being like one of heaven, the devils themselves
    Should fear to seize thee. Therefore be double damned:
    2730Swear thou art honest.
    Desdemona
    Heaven doth truly know it.
    Othello
    Heaven truly knows that thou art false as hell.
    Desdemona
    [Rising] To whom, my lord? With whom? How am I false?
    2735Othello
    Ah Desdemon, away, away, away.
    Desdemona
    Alas the heavy day! Why do you weep?
    Am I the motive of these tears, my lord?
    If haply you my father do suspect
    An instrument of this your calling back,
    2740Lay not your blame on me; if you have lost him,
    I have lost him too.
    Othello
    Had it pleased heaven
    To try me with affliction, had they rained
    All kind of sores and shames on my bare head,
    2745Steeped me in poverty to the very lips,
    Given to captivity me and my utmost hopes,
    I should have found in some place of my soul
    A drop of patience. But, alas, to make me
    The fixèd figure for the time of scorn
    2750To point his slow and moving finger at!
    Yet could I bear that too, well, very well;
    But there where I have garnered up my heart,
    Where either I must live or bear no life,
    The fountain from the which my current runs
    2755Or else dries up--to be discarded thence--
    Or keep it as a cistern for foul toads
    To knot and gender in! Turn thy complexion there,
    Patience, thou young and rose-lipped cherubin;
    I here look grim as hell.
    2760Desdemona
    I hope my noble lord esteems me honest.
    Othello
    Oh ay, as summer flies are in the shambles,
    That quicken even with blowing. O thou weed,
    Who art so lovely fair and smell'st so sweet
    That the sense aches at thee,
    2765Would thou had'st ne'er been born!
    Desdemona
    Alas, what ignorant sin have I committed?
    Othello
    Was this fair paper, this most goodly book,
    Made to write "whore" upon? What committed?
    Committed? O thou public commoner,
    2770I should make very forges of my cheeks
    That would to cinders burn up modesty
    Did I but speak thy deeds. What committed?
    Heaven stops the nose at it and the moon winks;
    The bawdy wind that kisses all it meets
    2775Is hushed within the hollow mine of earth
    And will not hear't--what committed?--impudent strumpet!
    Desdemona
    By heaven, you do me wrong.
    Othello
    Are not you a strumpet?
    Desdemona
    No, as I am a Christian.
    2780If to preserve this vessel for my lord
    From any other foul unlawful touch
    Be not to be a strumpet, I am none.
    Othello
    What, not a whore?
    Desdemona
    No, as I shall be saved.
    2785Othello
    Is't possible?
    Desdemona
    O heaven, forgive us.
    Othello
    I cry you mercy then.
    I took you for that cunning whore of Venice
    That married with Othello.
    2790Enter Emilia.
    [To Emilia] You, mistress,
    That have the office opposite to Saint Peter
    And keeps the gate of hell. You, you! Ay, you.
    We have done our course. [Giving her money] There's money for your pains.
    I pray you turn the key and keep our counsel.
    Exit [Othello].
    2795Emilia
    Alas, what does this gentleman conceive?
    How do you, madam? How do you, my good lady?
    Desdemona
    Faith, half asleep.
    Good madam, what's the matter with my lord?
    2800Desdemona
    With who?
    Emilia
    Why, with my lord, madam.
    Desdemona
    Who is thy lord?
    Emilia
    He that is yours, sweet lady.
    Desdemona
    I have none. Do not talk to me, Emilia.
    2805I cannot weep, nor answers have I none
    But what should go by water. Prithee tonight
    Lay on my bed my wedding sheets, remember,
    And call thy husband hither.
    Emilia
    Here's a change indeed.
    Exit [Emilia].
    2810Desdemona
    'Tis meet I should be used so, very meet.
    How have I been behaved that he might stick
    The smallest opinion on my least misuse?
    Enter Iago and Emilia.
    What is your pleasure, madam? 2815How is't with you?
    Desdemona
    I cannot tell. Those that do teach young babes
    Do it with gentle means and easy tasks.
    He might have chid me so, for in good faith
    I am a child to chiding.
    2820Iago
    What is the matter, lady?
    Alas, Iago, my lord hath so bewhored her,
    Thrown such despite and heavy terms upon her
    That true hearts cannot bear it.
    Desdemona
    Am I that name, Iago?
    2825Iago
    What name, fair lady?
    Desdemona
    Such as she said my lord did say I was.
    He called her whore! A beggar in his drink
    Could not have laid such terms upon his callet.
    Why did he so?
    2830Desdemona
    I do not know; I am sure I am none such.
    Do not weep, do not weep--alas the day!
    Hath she forsook so many noble matches,
    Her father, and her country, and her friends,
    To be called whore? Would it not make one weep?
    2835Desdemona
    It is my wretched fortune.
    Iago
    Beshrew him for't!
    How comes this trick upon him?
    Desdemona
    Nay, heaven doth know.
    I will be hanged if some eternal villain,
    2840Some busy and insinuating rogue,
    Some cogging, cozening slave, to get some office,
    Have not devised this slander; I will be hanged else.
    Fie, there is no such man! It is impossible.
    Desdemona
    If any such there be, heaven pardon him.
    A halter pardon him and hell gnaw his bones.
    Why should he call her whore? Who keeps her company?
    What place? What time? 2850What form? What likelihood?
    The Moor's abused by some most villainous knave,
    Some base notorious knave, some scurvy fellow.
    O heavens, that such companions thou'd'st unfold
    And put in every honest hand a whip
    2855To lash the rascals naked through the world
    Even from the east to th'west.
    Iago
    Speak within door.
    Oh, fie upon them! Some such squire he was
    That turned your wit the seamy side without
    2860And made you to suspect me with the Moor.
    You are a fool; go to.
    Desdemona
    Alas, Iago,
    What shall I do to win my lord again?
    Good friend, go to him; for by this light of heaven,
    2865I know not how I lost him.
    [She kneels.]
    Here I kneel.
    If ere my will did trespass 'gainst his love,
    Either in discourse of thought or actual deed,
    Or that mine eyes, mine ears, or any sense
    Delighted them in any other form,
    2870Or that I do not yet, and ever did,
    And ever will--though he do shake me off
    To beggarly divorcement--love him dearly,
    Comfort forswear me. [She stands.] Unkindness may do much,
    And his unkindness may defeat my life,
    2875But never taint my love. I cannot say "whore."
    It does abhor me now I speak the word;
    To do the act that might the addition earn,
    Not the world's mass of vanity could make me.
    I pray you be content; 'tis but his humor.
    2880The business of the state does him offence,
    2880.1And he does chide with you.
    Desdemona
    If 'twere no other--
    Iago
    It is but so, I warrant.
    [Trumpets within]
    Hark how these instruments summon to supper.
    The messengers of Venice stays the meat.
    2885Go in, and weep not; all things shall be well.
    Exeunt Desdemona and Emilia.
    Enter Roderigo.
    How now Roderigo?
    Roderigo
    I do not find 2890that thou deal'st justly with me.
    What in the contrary?
    Roderigo
    Every day thou doff'st me with some device, Iago, and rather, as it seems to me now, keep'st from me all conveniency, then suppliest me with the least 2895advantage of hope. I will indeed no longer endure it. Nor am I yet persuaded to put up in peace what already I have foolishly suffered.
    Will you hear me, Roderigo?
    Roderigo
    Faith, I have heard too much, and your words and 2900performances are no kin together.
    You charge me most unjustly.
    Roderigo
    With naught but truth. I have wasted myself out of my means; the jewels you have had from me to deliver Desdemona would half have corrupted a 2905votarist. You have told me she hath received them, and returned me expectations and comforts of sudden respect and acquaintance, but I find none.
    Well, go to, very well.
    Roderigo
    "Very well, go to!" I cannot "go to," man, nor 2910tis not "very well." By this hand, I say 'tis very scurvy, and begin to find myself fopped in it.
    Very well.
    Roderigo
    I tell you, 'tis not very well! I will make myself known to Desdemona. If she will return me my 2915jewels, I will give over my suit and repent my unlawful solicitation. If not, assure yourself, I will seek satisfaction of you.
    You have said now.
    Roderigo
    Ay, and said nothing but what I protest 2920intendment of doing.
    Why, now I see there's mettle in thee, and even from this instant do build on thee a better opinion than ever before. Give me thy hand, Roderigo. Thou hast taken against me a most just 2925exception, but yet I protest I have dealt most directly in thy affair.
    Roderigo
    It hath not appeared.
    I grant indeed it hath not appeared, and your suspicion is not without wit and judgment. 2930But, Roderigo, if thou hast that in thee indeed which I have greater reason to believe now than ever--I mean purpose, courage, and valor--this night show it. If thou the next night following enjoy not Desdemona, take me from this world with 2935treachery and devise engines for my life.
    Roderigo
    Well, what is it? Is it within reason and compass?
    Sir, there is especial commission come from Venice to depute Cassio in Othello's place.
    2940Roderigo
    Is that true? Why then Othello and Desdemona return again to Venice.
    Oh no, he goes into Mauritania and taketh away with him the fair Desdemona, unless his abode be lingered here by some accident, 2945wherein none can be so determinate as the removing of Cassio.
    Roderigo
    How do you mean removing him?
    Why, by making him uncapable of Othello's place--knocking out his brains.
    2950Roderigo
    And that you would have me to do.
    Ay, if you dare do yourself a profit and a right. He sups to night with a harlotry, and thither will I go to him. He knows not yet of his honorable fortune. If you will watch his going thence--which 2955I will fashion to fall out between twelve and one--you may take him at your pleasure. I will be near to second your attempt, and he shall fall between us. Come, stand not amazed at it, but go along with me; I will show you such a necessity in his death that 2960you shall think yourself bound to put it on him. It is now high supper time, and the night grows to waste. About it.
    Roderigo
    I will hear further reason for this.
    And you shall be satisfied.
    Exeunt.
    29654.3
    Enter Othello, Lodovico, Desdemona, Emilia, and attendants.
    Lodovico
    I do beseech you, sir, trouble yourself no further.
    Othello
    Oh, pardon me; 'twill do me good to walk.
    2970Lodovico
    Madam, good night; I humbly thank your ladyship.
    Desdemona
    Your honor is most welcome.
    Othello
    Will you walk, sir? O Desdemona--
    Desdemona
    My lord.
    2975Othello
    Get you to bed on th'instant. I will be returned forthwith. Dismiss your attendant there; look't be done.
    Desdemona
    I will, my lord.
    Exeunt [Othello, Lodovico, and attendants].
    Emilia
    How goes it now? He looks gentler than he did.
    2980Desdemona
    He says he will return incontinent,
    And hath commanded me to go to bed,
    And bid me to dismiss you.
    Emilia
    Dismiss me?
    Desdemona
    It was his bidding; therefore, good Emilia,
    2985Give me my nightly wearing, and adieu.
    We must not now displease him.
    Emilia
    I would you had never seen him.
    Desdemona
    So would not I; my love doth so approve him
    That even his stubbornness, his checks, his frowns--
    2990Prithee unpin me--have grace and favor in them.
    Emilia
    I have laid those sheets you bade me on the bed.
    Desdemona
    All's one. Good faith, how foolish are our minds?
    If I do die before thee, prithee shroud me
    In one of these same sheets.
    2995Emilia
    Come, come, you talk.
    Desdemona
    My mother had a maid called Barbary;
    She was in love, and he she loved proved mad
    And did forsake her. She had a "Song of Willow"--
    An old thing 'twas, but it expressed her fortune,
    3000And she died singing it. That song tonight
    Will not go from my mind; I have much to do
    But to go hang my head all at one side
    And sing it like poor Barbary. Prithee dispatch.
    Emilia
    Shall I go fetch your nightgown?
    3005Desdemona
    No, unpin me here.
    This Lodovico is a proper man.
    Emilia
    A very handsome man.
    Desdemona
    He speaks well.
    Emilia
    I know a lady in Venice would have walked
    3010Barefoot to Palestine for a touch of his nether lip.
    Desdemona
    [Singing] The poor soul sat singing by a sycamore tree,
    Sing all a green willow;
    Her hand on her bosom, her head on her knee.
    Sing willow, willow, willow.
    3015The fresh streams ran by her and murmured her moans,
    Sing willow, willow, willow;
    Her salt tears fell from her and softened the stones.
    Sing willow--
    Lay by these.--
    [Singing] willow, willow.--
    3019.1Prithee, hie thee; he'll come anon.
    [Singing] Sing all a green willow must be my garland.
    Let nobody blame him, his scorn I approve.
    Nay, that's not next. Hark, who is't that knocks?
    Emilia
    It's the wind.
    Desdemona
    [Singing] I called my love false love, but what said he then?
    3025 Sing willow, willow, willow;
    If I court more women, you'll couch with more men.
    So get thee gone, goodnight. Mine eyes do itch;
    Doth that bode weeping?
    Emilia
    'Tis neither here nor there.
    3030Desdemona
    I have heard it said so. Oh, these men, these men!
    Dost thou in conscience think--tell me, Emilia--
    That there be women do abuse their husbands
    In such gross kind?
    Emilia
    There be some such, no question.
    3035Desdemona
    Wouldst thou do such a deed for all the world?
    Emilia
    Why, would not you?
    Desdemona
    No, by this heavenly light.
    Emilia
    Nor I neither, by this heavenly light;
    I might do't as well i'th'dark.
    3040Desdemona
    Wouldst thou do such a deed for all the world?
    Emilia
    The world's a huge thing;
    It is a great price for a small vice.
    Desdemona
    In troth, I think thou wouldst not.
    Emilia
    In troth, I think I should, and undo't when 3045I had done. Marry, I would not do such a thing for a joint ring, nor for measures of lawn, nor for gowns, petticoats, nor caps, nor any petty exhibition. But for all the whole world--'ud's pity!--who would not make her husband a cuckold to make him a monarch? I should 3050venture purgatory for't.
    Desdemona
    Beshrew me if I would do such a wrong
    For the whole world.
    Emilia
    Why, the wrong is but a wrong i'th'world; and having the world for your labor 'tis a wrong in 3055your own world, and you might quickly make it right.
    Desdemona
    I do not think there is any such woman.
    Emilia
    Yes, a dozen--and as many to th'vantage as would store the world they played for.
    But I do think it is their husbands' faults
    3060If wives do fall. Say that they slack their duties
    And pour our treasures into foreign laps;
    Or else break out in peevish jealousies,
    Throwing restraint upon us; or say they strike us,
    Or scant our former having in despite.
    3065Why, we have galls; and though we have some grace,
    Yet have we some revenge. Let husbands know
    Their wives have sense like them; they see, and smell,
    And have their palates both for sweet and sour,
    As husbands have. What is it that they do
    3070When they change us for others? Is it sport?
    I think it is. And doth affection breed it?
    I think it doth. Is't frailty that thus errs?
    It is so too. And have not we affections,
    Desires for sport, and frailty, as men have?
    3075Then let them use us well; else let them know,
    The ills we do, their ills instruct us so.
    Desdemona
    Good night, good night. God me such uses send,
    Not to pick bad from bad, but by bad, mend.
    Exeunt.
    30805.1
    Enter Iago and Roderigo.
    Here, stand behind this bulk; straight will he come.
    Wear thy good rapier bare, and put it home.
    3085Quick, quick, fear nothing; I'll be at thy elbow.
    It makes us or it mars us; think on that,
    And fix most firm thy resolution.
    Roderigo
    Be near at hand; I may miscarry in't.
    Here, at thy hand. Be bold, and take thy stand.
    [Iago withdraws.]
    3090Roderigo
    I have no great devotion to the deed,
    And yet he hath given me satisfying reasons.
    'Tis but a man gone. [Drawing his sword] Forth my sword: he dies!
    [Aside] I have rubbed this young quat almost to the sense,
    And he grows angry. Now, whether he kill Cassio,
    3095Or Cassio him, or each do kill the other,
    Every way makes my gain. Live Roderigo,
    He calls me to a restitution large
    Of gold and jewels that I bobbed from him
    As gifts to Desdemona.
    3100It must not be! If Cassio do remain,
    He hath a daily beauty in his life
    That makes me ugly; and besides, the Moor
    May unfold me to him; there stand I in much peril.
    No, he must die. But so--I hear him coming.
    3105Enter Cassio.
    Roderigo
    I know his gate, 'tis he. Villain, thou diest!
    [Roderigo attacks Cassio.]
    Cassio
    That thrust had been mine enemy indeed,
    But that my coat is better than thou know'st.
    [Drawing his sword] I will make proof of thine.
    [Cassio wounds Roderigo.]
    3110Roderigo
    Oh, I am slain!
    [Iago wounds Cassio in the leg from behind and exits.]
    Cassio
    I am maimed forever! Help, ho! Murder, murder!
    [Enter Othello above.]
    Othello
    [Aside] The voice of Cassio. Iago keeps his word.
    3115Roderigo
    Oh, villain that I am!
    Othello
    [Aside] It is even so.
    Cassio
    Oh, help ho! Light! A surgeon!
    Othello
    [Aside] 'Tis he. O brave Iago, honest and just,
    That hast such noble sense of thy friend's wrong,
    3120Thou teachest me. Minion, your dear lies dead,
    And your unblest fate hies. Strumpet, I come.
    Forth of my heart those charms, thine eyes, are blotted.
    Thy bed, lust-stained, shall with lust's blood be spotted.
    Exit Othello.
    3125Enter Lodovico and Gratiano.
    Cassio
    What ho! No watch? No passage? Murder, murder!
    Gratiano
    'Tis some mischance; the voice is very direful.
    Cassio
    Oh, help!
    3130Lodovico
    Hark!
    Roderigo
    O wretched villain!
    Lodovico
    Two or three groan. 'Tis heavy night.
    These may be counterfeits; let's think't unsafe
    To come into the cry without more help.
    3135Roderigo
    Nobody come? Then shall I bleed to death.
    Enter Iago [with a light and sword.]
    Lodovico
    Hark!
    Gratiano
    Here's one comes in his shirt, with light and weapons.
    Who's there? Whose noise is this that cries on murder?
    Lodovico
    We do not know.
    Iago
    Do not you hear a cry?
    Cassio
    Here, here! For heaven sake, help me!
    3145Iago
    What's the matter?
    Gratiano
    This is Othello's ancient, as I take it.
    Lodovico
    The same indeed, a very valiant fellow.
    What are you here that cry so grievously?
    Cassio
    Iago? Oh, I am spoiled, undone by villains.
    3150Give me some help.
    Oh, me, lieutenant! What villains have done this?
    Cassio
    I think that one of them is hereabout
    And cannot make away.
    3155Iago
    O treacherous villains!
    [To Lodovico and Gratiano] What are you there? Come in and give some help.
    Roderigo
    Oh, help me there!
    Cassio
    That's one of them.
    O murd'rous slave! O villain!
    [Iago stabs Roderigo.]
    3160Roderigo
    O damned Iago! O inhuman dog!
    Kill men i'th'dark? Where be these bloody thieves?
    How silent is this town? Ho, murder, murder!
    What may you be? Are you of good or evil?
    3165Lodovico
    As you shall prove us, praise us.
    Signor Lodovico?
    Lodovico
    He, sir.
    I cry you mercy--here's Cassio hurt by villains.
    Gratiano
    Cassio?
    How is't brother?
    Cassio
    My leg is cut in two.
    Marry, heaven forbid--Light, gentlemen!
    I'll bind it with my shirt.
    Enter Bianca.
    3175Bianca
    What is the matter, ho? Who is't that cried?
    Who is't that cried?
    Bianca
    O my dear Cassio,
    My sweet Cassio--O Cassio, Cassio, Cassio!
    O notable strumpet. Cassio, may you suspect
    3180Who they should be that have thus mangled you?
    Cassio
    No.
    Gratiano
    I am sorry to find you thus;
    I have been to seek you.
    Iago
    Lend me a garter. So--
    [Iago binds Cassio's leg.]
    O for a chair 3185to bear him easily hence!
    Bianca
    Alas, he faints. O Cassio, Cassio, Cassio!
    Gentlemen all, I do suspect this trash
    To be a party in this injury.
    Patience awhile, good Cassio. Come, come,
    3190Lend me a light. Know we this face or no?
    Alas, my friend and my dear countryman
    Roderigo? No--Yes, sure! O heaven, Roderigo!
    Gratiano
    What, of Venice?
    Even he, sir. Did you know him?
    3195Gratiano
    Know him? Ay.
    Signor Gratiano? I cry your gentle pardon.
    These bloody accidents must excuse my manners
    That so neglected you.
    Gratiano
    I am glad to see you.
    How do you, Cassio?--Oh, a chair, a chair!
    Gratiano
    Roderigo?
    He, he, 'tis he.
    [Enter attendants with a chair.]
    Oh, that's well said, the chair.
    Some good man bear him carefully from hence;
    3205I'll fetch the general's surgeon. For you, mistress,
    Save you your labor. He that lies slain here, Cassio,
    Was my dear friend. What malice was between you?
    None in the world; nor do I know the man.
    [To Bianca] What? Look you pale? [To attendants] Oh, bear him out o'th'air.
    [Exeunt attendants carrying off Cassio in the chair, and Roderigo's body.]
    3210[To Lodovico and Gratiano] Stay you, good gentlemen. [To Bianca] Look you pale, mistress?
    [To Lodovico and Gratiano] Do you perceive the gastness of her eye?
    Nay, if you stare, we shall hear more anon.
    Behold her well. I pray you, look upon her.
    Do you see, gentlemen? Nay, guiltiness will speak
    3215Though tongues were out of use.
    [Enter Emilia.]
    Alas, what is the matter? What is the matter, husband?
    Cassio hath here been set on in the dark
    By Roderigo and fellows that are scaped;
    3220He's almost slain, and Roderigo quite dead.
    Alas, good gentleman! Alas, good Cassio!
    This is the fruits of whoring. Prithee, Emilia,
    Go know of Cassio where he supped tonight.
    What, do you shake at that?
    He supped at my house, but I therefore shake not.
    Oh, did he so? I charge you go with me.
    O fie upon thee, strumpet!
    I am no strumpet, but of life as honest
    As you that thus abuse me.
    3230Emilia
    As I? Fie upon thee!
    Kind gentlemen, let's go see poor Cassio dressed.
    Come, mistress, you must tell's another tale.
    Emilia, run you to the citadel
    3235And tell my lord and lady what hath happed.
    Will you go on afore? [Aside] This is the night
    That either makes me or fordoes me quite.
    Exeunt.
    5.2
    Enter Othello [with a light], and Desdemona in her bed.
    3240Othello
    It is the cause, it is the cause, my soul.
    Let me not name it to you, you chaste stars.
    It is the cause. Yet I'll not shed her blood,
    Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow
    And smooth as monumental alabaster--
    3245Yet she must die, else she'll betray more men.
    Put out the light, and then put out the light--
    If I quench thee, thou flaming minister,
    I can again thy former light restore
    Should I repent me. But once put out thy light,
    3250Thou cunning'st pattern of excelling nature,
    I know not where is that Promethean heat
    That can thy light relume. When I have plucked thy rose,
    I cannot give it vital growth again;
    3255It needs must wither. I'll smell thee on the tree.
    [He kisses her.]
    O balmy breath, that dost almost persuade
    Justice to break her sword--one more, one more.
    [He kisses her.]
    Be thus when thou art dead, and I will kill thee
    And love thee after--one more, and that's the last.
    [He kisses her.]
    3260So sweet was ne'er so fatal. I must weep,
    But they are cruel tears. This sorrow's heavenly;
    It strikes where it doth love. She wakes.
    Desdemona
    Who's there? Othello?
    Othello
    Ay, Desdemona.
    3265Desdemona
    Will you come to bed, my lord?
    Othello
    Have you prayed tonight, Desdemon?
    Desdemona
    Ay, my lord.
    Othello
    If you bethink yourself of any crime
    Unreconciled as yet to heaven and grace,
    3270Solicit for it straight.
    Desdemona
    Alack, my lord, what may you mean by that?
    Othello
    Well, do it, and be brief; I will walk by.
    I would not kill thy unpreparèd spirit.
    3275No, heavens forfend!--I would not kill thy soul.
    Desdemona
    Talk you of killing?
    Othello
    Ay, I do.
    Desdemona
    Then heaven have mercy on me.
    Othello
    Amen, with all my heart.
    3280Desdemona
    If you say so, I hope you will not kill me.
    Othello
    Humh.
    Desdemona
    And yet I fear you, for you're fatal then
    When your eyes roll so. Why I should fear I know not,
    3285Since guiltiness I know not; but yet I feel I fear.
    Othello
    Think on thy sins.
    Desdemona
    They are loves I bear to you.
    Othello
    Ay, and for that thou diest.
    Desdemona
    That death's unnatural that kills for loving.
    3290Alas, why gnaw you so your nether lip?
    Some bloody passion shakes your very frame.
    These are portents; but yet I hope, I hope,
    They do not point on me.
    Othello
    Peace, and be still.
    3295Desdemona
    I will so. What's the matter?
    Othello
    That handkerchief which I so loved and gave thee,
    Thou gav'st to Cassio.
    Desdemona
    No, by my life and soul!
    Send for the man and ask him.
    3300Othello
    Sweet soul, take heed;
    Take heed of perjury; thou art on thy deathbed.
    Desdemona
    Ay, but not yet to die.
    Othello
    Yes, presently.
    Therefore confess thee freely of thy sin;
    3305For to deny each article with oath
    Cannot remove nor choke the strong conception
    That I do groan withal. Thou art to die.
    Desdemona
    O heaven have mercy on me!
    Othello
    I say amen.
    3310Desdemona
    And have you mercy too. I never did
    Offend you in my life, never loved Cassio
    But with such general warranty of heaven
    As I might love. I never gave him token.
    Othello
    By heaven, I saw my handkerchief in's hand.
    3315O perjured woman, thou dost stone my heart,
    And makes me call what I intend to do
    A murder, which I thought a sacrifice.
    I saw the handkerchief.
    Desdemona
    He found it then.
    3320I never gave it him. Send for him hither.
    Let him confess a truth.
    Othello
    He hath confessed.
    Desdemona
    What, my lord?
    Othello
    That he hath--'ud's death!--used thee.
    3325Desdemona
    How? Unlawfully?
    Othello
    Ay.
    Desdemona
    He will not say so.
    Othello
    No, his mouth is stopped.
    Honest Iago hath ta'en order for't.
    3330Desdemona
    Oh, my fear interprets. What, is he dead?
    Othello
    Had all his hairs been lives, my great revenge
    Had stomach for them all.
    Desdemona
    Alas, he is betrayed, and I undone.
    Othello
    Out, strumpet! Weep'st thou for him to my face?
    3335Desdemona
    Oh, banish me, my lord, but kill me not.
    Othello
    Down, strumpet.
    Desdemona
    Kill me tomorrow; let me live tonight.
    Othello
    Nay, if you strive.
    Desdemona
    But half an hour.
    3340Othello
    Being done, there is no pause.
    Desdemona
    But while I say one prayer.
    Othello
    It is too late.
    [Othello] smothers her.
    Emilia [is heard] at the door.
    Emilia
    [Within] My lord, my lord? What ho? 3345My lord, my lord!
    Othello
    What noise is this? Not dead? Not yet quite dead?
    I that am cruel am yet merciful;
    I would not have thee linger in thy pain--
    [Smothering her again] So, so.
    3350Emilia
    (Within) What ho? My lord, my lord?
    Othello
    Who's there?
    Emilia
    O good my lord, I would speak a word with you.
    Othello
    Yes--'Tis Emilia.--By and by!--She's dead.
    3355'Tis like she comes to speak of Cassio's death.
    The noise was high. Ha, no more moving?
    Still as the grave. Shall she come in? Were't good?
    I think she stirs again. No. What's best to do?
    If she come in, she'll sure speak to my wife--
    3360My wife, my wife--what wife? I have no wife.
    Oh, insupportable! Oh, heavy hour!
    Methinks it should be now a huge eclipse
    Of sun and moon, and that th'affrighted globe
    Did yawn at alteration.
    3365Emilia
    [Within] I do beseech you
    That I may speak with you. O good my lord.
    Othello
    I had forgot thee. O come in, Emilia.
    Soft,--By and by!--let me the curtains draw.
    [He closes the bed curtains.]
    Where art thou? What's the matter with thee now?
    3370[He unlocks the door.] Enter Emilia.
    O my good lord, yonder's foul murders done.
    Othello
    What? Now?
    Emilia
    But now, my lord.
    3375Othello
    It is the very error of the moon;
    She comes more nearer Earth than she was wont,
    And makes men mad.
    Emilia
    Cassio, my lord, hath killed
    A young Venetian called Roderigo.
    3380Othello
    Roderigo killed? And Cassio killed?
    No, Cassio is not killed.
    Othello
    Not Cassio killed? Then murder's out of tune,
    And sweet revenge grows harsh.
    Desdemona
    Oh, falsely, falsely murdered.
    O Lord! What cry is that?
    Othello
    That? What?
    Out and alas, that was my lady's voice!
    [She opens the bed curtains.]
    Help, help, ho, help! O lady, speak again.
    Sweet Desdemona, O sweet mistress, speak.
    3390Desdemona
    A guiltless death I die.
    Oh, who hath done this deed?
    Desdemona
    Nobody--I myself. Farewell--
    Commend me to my kind lord--Oh, farewell.
    [Desdemona dies.]
    Othello
    Why, how should she be murdered?
    3395Emilia
    Alas, who knows?
    Othello
    You heard her say herself, it was not I.
    She said so; I must needs report the truth.
    Othello
    She's like a liar gone to burning hell;
    'Twas I that killed her.
    Oh, the more angel she, and you the blacker devil.
    Othello
    She turned to folly, and she was a whore.
    Thou dost belie her, and thou art a devil.
    Othello
    She was false as water.
    3405Emilia
    Thou art rash as fire
    To say that she was false. Oh, she was heavenly true.
    Othello
    Cassio did top her; ask thy husband else.
    Oh, I were damned beneath all depth in hell,
    But that I did proceed upon just grounds
    3410To this extremity. Thy husband knew it all.
    My husband?
    Othello
    Thy husband.
    Emilia
    That she was false to wedlock?
    Othello
    Ay, with Cassio. Had she been true,
    3415If heaven would make me such another world
    Of one entire and perfect chrysolite,
    I'd not have sold her for it.
    Emilia
    My husband?
    Othello
    Ay, 'twas he that told me on her first.
    3420An honest man he is, and hates the slime
    That sticks on filthy deeds.
    Emilia
    My husband?
    Othello
    What needs this iterance, woman? I say, thy husband.
    O mistress, villainy hath made mocks with love--
    My husband say she was false?
    Othello
    He, woman;
    I say thy husband--dost understand the word?--
    3430My friend, thy husband, honest, honest Iago.
    If he say so, may his pernicious soul
    Rot half a grain a day; he lies to th'heart.
    She was too fond of her most filthy bargain.
    Othello
    Ha?
    Do thy worst.
    This deed of thine is no more worthy heaven,
    Than thou wast worthy her.
    Othello
    Peace, you were best.
    Thou hast not half that power to do me harm
    3440As I have to be hurt. O gull, O dolt,
    As ignorant as dirt, thou hast done a deed--
    [Othello threatens Emilia with his sword.]
    I care not for thy sword; I'll make thee known
    Though I lost twenty lives. Help, help, ho, help!
    The Moor hath killed my mistress. Murder, murder!
    3445Enter Montano, Gratiano, and Iago.
    Montano
    What is the matter? How now, general?
    Oh, are you come, Iago? You have done well,
    That men must lay their murders on your neck.
    Gratiano
    What is the matter?
    [To Iago] Disprove this villain, if thou be'st a man.
    He says thou told'st him that his wife was false.
    I know thou didst not; thou'rt not such a villain.
    Speak, for my heart is full.
    I told him what I thought, 3455and told no more
    Than what he found himself was apt and true.
    But did you ever tell him she was false?
    I did.
    You told a lie, an odious damnèd lie,
    Upon my soul, a lie, a wicked lie.
    She false with Cassio? Did you say with Cassio?
    With Cassio, mistress. 3465Go to, charm your tongue.
    I will not charm my tongue; I am bound to speak.
    My mistress here lies murdered in her bed.
    O heavens forfend!
    And your reports have set the murder on.
    Othello
    Nay, stare not, masters; it is true indeed.
    Gratiano
    'Tis a strange truth.
    Montano
    O monstrous act!
    Villainy, villainy, villainy!
    I think upon't, I think I smell't. O villainy--
    I thought so then--I'll kill myself for grief!
    O villainy! Villainy!
    What, are you mad? 3480I charge you get you home.
    Good gentlemen, let me have leave to speak.
    'Tis proper I obey him, but not now.
    Perchance, Iago, I will ne'er go home.
    Othello
    Oh, Oh, Oh!
    [Othello falls on the bed.]
    3485Emilia
    Nay, lay thee down and roar,
    For thou hast killed the sweetest innocent
    That ere did lift up eye.
    Othello
    Oh, she was foul!
    I scarce did know you, uncle. There lies your niece,
    3490Whose breath, indeed, these hands have newly stopped.
    I know this act shows horrible and grim.
    Gratiano
    Poor Desdemon, I am glad thy father's dead;
    Thy match was mortal to him, and pure grief
    3495Shore his old thread in twain. Did he live now,
    This sight would make him do a desperate turn;
    Yea, curse his better angel from his side
    And fall to reprobance.
    Othello
    'Tis pitiful, but yet Iago knows
    3500That she with Cassio hath the act of shame
    A thousand times committed. Cassio confessed it,
    And she did gratify his amorous works
    With that recognizance and pledge of love
    Which I first gave her;--I saw it in his hand--
    3505It was a handkerchief, an antique token
    My father gave my mother.
    O God, O heavenly God!
    Iago
    Zounds, hold your peace.
    'Twill out, 'twill out. I peace?
    3510No, I will speak as liberal as the north;
    Let heaven and men and devils, let them all,
    All, all cry shame against me, yet I'll speak.
    Be wise, and get you home.
    Emilia
    I will not.
    [Iago threatens Emilia with his sword.]
    3515Gratiano
    Fie, your sword upon a woman?
    O thou dull Moor, that handkerchief thou speak'st of
    I found by fortune, and did give my husband;
    For often, with a solemn earnestness--
    3520More than indeed belonged to such a trifle--
    He begged of me to steal't.
    Iago
    Villainous whore!
    She give it Cassio? No, alas, I found it,
    And I did give't my husband.
    3525Iago
    Filth, thou liest.
    By heaven, I do not. I do not, gentlemen.--
    O murderous coxcomb, what should such a fool
    Do with so good a wife?
    [Othello runs at Iago and is disarmed by Montano. Iago stabs Emilia.]
    Othello
    Are there no stones in heaven
    3530But what serves for the thunder? Precious villain!
    Gratiano
    The woman falls; sure he hath killed his wife.
    Ay, ay. Oh, lay me by my mistress's side.
    [Exit Iago.]
    3535Gratiano
    He's gone, but his wife's killed.
    Montano
    'Tis a notorious villain. Take you this weapon
    Which I have here recovered from the Moor.
    Come guard the door without; let him not pass,
    But kill him rather. I'll after that same villain,
    3540For 'tis a damnèd slave.
    Exeunt [Montano and Gratiano].
    Othello
    I am not valiant neither,
    But every puny whipster gets my sword.
    But why should honor outlive honesty?
    Let it go all.
    3545Emilia
    What did thy song bode, lady?
    Hark, canst thou hear me? I will play the swan,
    And die in music:
    [Singing] Willow, willow, willow.
    Moor, she was chaste. She loved thee, cruel Moor.
    So come my soul to bliss, as I speak true;
    3550So speaking as I think, alas, I die.
    [Emilia dies.]
    Othello
    I have another weapon in this chamber;
    It was a sword of Spain, the ice-brook's temper--
    Oh, here it is. Uncle, I must come forth.
    Gratiano
    [Within] If thou attempt it, it will cost thee dear;
    3555Thou hast no weapon and perforce must suffer.
    Othello
    Look in upon me then, and speak with me,
    Or naked as I am I will assault thee.
    [Enter Gratiano.]
    Gratiano
    What is the matter?
    Othello
    Behold, I have a weapon;
    3560A better never did itself sustain
    Upon a soldier's thigh. I have seen the day
    That with this little arm and this good sword
    I have made my way through more impediments
    Than twenty times your stop. But--O vain boast!--
    3565Who can control his fate? 'Tis not so now.
    Be not afraid, though you do see me weaponed.
    Here is my journey's end, here is my butt
    And very seamark of my utmost sail.
    Do you go back dismayed? 'Tis a lost fear.
    3570Man but a rush against Othello's breast
    And he retires. Where should Othello go?
    Now, how dost thou look now? O ill-starred wench,
    Pale as thy smock; when we shall meet at compt,
    This look of thine will hurl my soul from heaven
    3575And fiends will snatch at it. Cold, cold, my girl?
    Even like thy chastity. O cursèd, cursèd slave!
    Whip me, ye devils, from the possession of this heavenly sight,
    Blow me about in winds, roast me in sulfur,
    3580Wash me in steep-down gulfs of liquid fire--
    O Desdemon! Dead Desdemon! Dead--Oh, Oh!
    Enter Lodovico, Cassio [in a chair], Montano, and Iago with officers.
    Lodovico
    Where is this rash and most unfortunate man?
    3585Othello
    That's he that was Othello; here I am.
    Lodovico
    Where is that viper? Bring the villain forth.
    Othello
    I look down toward his feet, but that's a fable;
    If that thou be'st a devil, I cannot kill thee.
    [Othello wounds Iago.]
    3590Lodovico
    Wrench his sword from him.
    Iago
    I bleed, sir, but not killed.
    Othello
    I am not sorry neither; I'd have thee live,
    For in my sense 'tis happiness to die.
    Lodovico
    O thou Othello, that was once so good,
    3595Fallen in the practice of a damnèd slave,
    What shall be said to thee?
    Othello
    Why, anything--
    An honorable murderer, if you will,
    For naught I did in hate, but all in honor.
    3600Lodovico
    This wretch hath part confessed his villainy.
    Did you and he consent in Cassio's death?
    Othello
    Ay.
    Dear general, I never gave you cause.
    Othello
    I do believe it, and I ask your pardon.
    3605Will you, I pray, demand that demi-devil
    Why he hath thus ensnared my soul and body?
    Demand me nothing. What you know, you know.
    From this time forth, I never will speak word.
    Lodovico
    What, not to pray?
    3610Gratiano
    Torments will ope your lips.
    Othello
    Well, thou dost best.
    Lodovico
    Sir, you shall understand what hath befallen,
    Which, as I think, you know not. Here is a letter
    3615Found in the pocket of the slain Roderigo,
    And here another. The one of them imports
    The death of Cassio, to be undertook
    By Roderigo.
    Othello
    O villain!
    3620Cassio
    Most heathenish and most gross!
    Lodovico
    Now here's another discontented paper
    Found in his pocket too; and this, it seems,
    Roderigo meant t'have sent this damnèd villain,
    But that, belike, Iago in the interim
    3625Came in and satisfied him.
    Othello
    O thou pernicious caitiff!
    How came you, Cassio, by that handkerchief
    That was my wife's?
    Cassio
    I found it in my chamber,
    3630And he himself confessed it but even now
    That there he dropped it for a special purpose
    Which wrought to his desire.
    Othello
    O fool, fool, fool!
    There is besides in Roderigo's letter
    3635How he upbraids Iago that he made him
    Brave me upon the watch, whereon it came
    That I was cast; and even but now he spake,
    After long seeming dead, Iago hurt him,
    Iago set him on.
    3640Lodovico
    [To Othello] You must forsake this room and go with us.
    Your power and your command is taken off,
    And Cassio rules in Cyprus. For this slave,
    If there be any cunning cruelty
    That can torment him much and hold him long,
    3645It shall be his. You shall close prisoner rest,
    Till that the nature of your fault be known
    To the Venetian state. Come, bring away.
    Othello
    Soft you, a word or two before you go.
    I have done the state some service, and they know't;
    3650No more of that. I pray you in your letters,
    When you shall these unlucky deeds relate,
    Speak of me as I am. Nothing extenuate,
    Nor set down aught in malice. Then must you speak
    3655Of one that loved not wisely, but too well;
    Of one not easily jealous, but, being wrought,
    Perplexed in the extreme; of one whose hand,
    Like the base Indian, threw a pearl away
    Richer than all his tribe; of one whose subdued eyes,
    3660Albeit unused to the melting mood,
    Drops tears as fast as the Arabian trees
    Their medicinable gum. Set you down this,
    And say besides that in Aleppo once,
    Where a malignant and a turbaned Turk
    3665Beat a Venetian and traduced the state,
    I took by th'throat the circumcisèd dog
    And smote him--thus.
    [Othello stabs himself.]
    Lodovico
    O bloody period.
    Gratiano
    All that is spoke is marred.
    3670Othello
    I kissed thee ere I killed thee--no way but this,
    Killing myself, to die upon a kiss.
    [Othello kisses Desdemona and] dies.
    This did I fear, but thought he had no weapon,
    For he was great of heart.
    Lodovico
    O Spartan dog,
    3675More fell than anguish, hunger, or the sea,
    Look on the tragic loading of this bed.
    This is thy work. The object poisons sight;
    Let it be hid. Gratiano, keep the house
    3680And seize upon the fortunes of the Moor,
    For they succeed on you. [To Cassio] To you, lord governor,
    Remains the censure of this hellish villain;
    The time, the place, the torture, oh, enforce it.
    Myself will straight aboard, and to the state
    3685This heavy act with heavy heart relate.
    Exeunt.